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The Journal of Immunology, 1998, 161: 991-999.
Copyright © 1998 by The American Association of Immunologists

IL-12 Modulates Expression of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis1

Gunnar Gudmundsson2, Martha M. Monick and Gary W. Hunninghake

Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Occupational Medicine, University of Iowa College of Medicine, and Veterans Administrations Medical Center, Iowa City, IA 52242

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is a granulomatous, inflammatory lung disease caused by inhalation of organic Ags, most commonly thermophilic actinomycetes. Only a minority of individuals exposed to these Ags develops disease, suggesting that host factors are important for the expression of HP. We compared the expression of HP in a sensitive strain of mice, C57BL/6, and in a resistant strain of mice, DBA/2. They were exposed to the thermophilic bacteria Saccharopolyspora rectivirgula (SR) or to saline alone for 3 consecutive days/week for 3 wk. After exposure to Ag, C57BL/6 mice, but not DBA/2 mice, developed granulomatous inflammation with an increase in lung index (lung weight). Both strains had similar amounts of Ag delivered to the lungs after intranasal installation, as determined with 14C-labeled Ag. Both also had similar increases in total bronchoalveolar cells after Ag exposure, but the C57BL/6 mice had more lymphocytes. Compared with the resistant strain, the sensitive strain had a significantly greater Ag-induced increase in IL-12 and IFN-{gamma} gene expression. DBA/2 mice resembled sensitive, C57BL/6 mice if they received IL-12 augmentation therapy at the time of Ag exposure. These findings were not limited to lung, since both unstimulated and SR-stimulated spleen cells from C57BL/6 mice released significantly more IL-12 than cells from DBA/2 mice. However, spleen cells from DBA/2 mice made more IFN-{gamma} when exposed to IL-12, than cells from C57BL/6 mice. These results suggest that the IL-12 response to Ag may modulate in part the expression of HP.




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