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NK Cells Can Recognize Different Forms of Class I MHC¹

Ruey-Chyi Su^*, Sam K. P. Kung^*, Jean Gariépy^*, Brian H. Barber and Richard G. Miller^*,2

^* Department of Medical Biophysics, Ontario Cancer Institute, and Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

NK recognition and lysis of targets are mediated by activation receptor(s) whose effects may be over-ridden by inhibitory receptors recognizing class I MHC on the target. Incubation of normal lymphoblasts with a peptide that can bind to their class I MHC renders them sensitive to lysis by syngeneic NK cells. By binding to class I MHC, the peptide alters or masks the target structure recognized by an inhibitory NK receptor(s). This target structure is most likely an "empty" dimer of class I heavy chain and ß₂m as opposed to a "full" class I trimer formed by binding of specific peptide that is recognized by CTL.

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