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Unité de Biologie des Interactions Cellulaires, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité de Recherche Associée 1960, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
Staphylococcus enterotoxin superantigens are potent
T cell activators. To gain new insights into the mechanism of T cell
activation induced by these superantigens, we investigated the
recruitment of signaling molecules in this process. Here, we show that
enterotoxin superantigen activation can be transmitted to TCR-CD3
complexes that did not interact with their ligand. Indeed, by studying
cells expressing two distinct TCRs, we found that enterotoxin
superantigens induced tyrosine phosphorylation of TCR
subunits, the
recruitment and tyrosine phosphorylation of the protein tyrosine kinase
ZAP-70, and an increase in protein tyrosine kinase activity of both
directly stimulated and unstimulated TCR-CD3 complexes. As the
involvement of unstimulated TCR-CD3 complexes in signal transduction
would increase the number of signaling molecules and, therefore, the
efficiency of T cell activation, these data provide a novel explanation
for the ability of enterotoxin superantigens to potently activate T
lymphocytes.
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