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Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129
The toxicity of the staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) has been
linked to the activation of large numbers of T cells in the peripheral
lymphoid tissues. Because the primary manifestations of foodborne
enterotoxic poisoning are associated with the gastrointestinal tract,
we have compared the responses of T cells in the gut-associated
lymphoid tissue and in the periphery to intragastric (i.g.) and i.p.
administration of SEB. Intraperitoneal SEB results in an early
expansion of peripheral Vß8+ T cells and Th1 cytokine
secretion followed by deletion at 7–10 days. We found that i.g. SEB
rapidly (within 4 h) leads to the expansion and activation of
Vß8+ T cells in the Peyer’s patch and mesenteric lymph
nodes. Analysis of cytokine mRNA in purified Vß8+ T cells
by competitive RT-PCR showed that, 4 h after i.g. SEB, the
induction of mRNA for IL-2 and IFN-
is about 10-fold greater in
mucosal than in peripheral lymphoid tissue. Our results show that
activated mucosal T cells expand and up-regulate cytokine mRNA in
response to luminal exposure to SEB, suggesting a role for the
gut-associated lymphoid tissue in the gastrointestinal manifestations
of enterotoxic poisoning.
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