| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
*
Departments of Immunology and Rheumatology, Hôpital Edouard Herriot and Laboratoire d’ Immuno-Virologie Unité Mixte de Recherche, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 5537, Faculté de Médecine Laennec, Lyon;
Schering-Plough Laboratory for Immunological Research, Dardilly; and
CNRS Unité de Recherche Associée (URA) 1456, Université de Bordeaux II, Bordeaux, France
IL-17 is a cytokine produced by CD4 T cells that activates the production of inflammatory mediators by synoviocytes. To study the contribution of soluble factors in the interaction between T cells and synoviocytes in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), we looked at the effect of IL-17 on these cells in the presence of cytokines classified as pro (IL-1)- and anti-inflammatory (IL-4, IL-13, IL-10). Both human rIL-1ß and rIL-17 induced IL-6 and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) production by synovial fibroblasts in a dose-dependent manner. After 7 days of culture, optimal concentrations of IL-1ß increased IL-6 (33-fold) and LIF (10-fold) production by synoviocytes, while IL-17 showed a lesser effect on IL-6 (17-fold) and LIF (4-fold) production. Using low concentrations of IL-17 and IL-1ß in combination, a synergistic effect was observed on the production of IL-6, whereas an additive effect was observed for LIF production. Production of biologically active IL-17 was demonstrated in RA synovium supernatants with the use of a blocking anti-IL-17 Ab. Both IL-4 and IL-13 had a modest stimulatory effect on IL-1- and IL-17-induced production of IL-6, but inhibited that of LIF. In contrast, IL-10 had a limited inhibitory effect on IL-6 production and no effect on that of LIF. These findings indicate that low levels of cytokines produced by monocytes (IL-1) and T cells (IL-17) can act together on synoviocytes. Thus, some RA synovium T cells producing IL-17 can activate mesenchymal cells leading to an increased proinflammatory pattern sensitive to Th2 cytokine regulation.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  K. Nistala and L. R. Wedderburn Th17 and regulatory T cells: rebalancing pro- and anti-inflammatory forces in autoimmune arthritis Rheumatology, June 1, 2009; 48(6): 602 - 606. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C Plater-Zyberk, L A B Joosten, M M A Helsen, M I Koenders, P A Baeuerle, and W B van den Berg Combined blockade of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor and interleukin 17 pathways potently suppresses chronic destructive arthritis in a tumour necrosis factor {alpha}-independent mouse model Ann Rheum Dis, May 1, 2009; 68(5): 721 - 728. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Shahrara, S. R. Pickens, A. Dorfleutner, and R. M. Pope IL-17 Induces Monocyte Migration in Rheumatoid Arthritis J. Immunol., March 15, 2009; 182(6): 3884 - 3891. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Zrioual, R. Ecochard, A. Tournadre, V. Lenief, M.-A. Cazalis, and P. Miossec Genome-Wide Comparison between IL-17A- and IL-17F-Induced Effects in Human Rheumatoid Arthritis Synoviocytes J. Immunol., March 1, 2009; 182(5): 3112 - 3120. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A Tournadre and P Miossec Chemokines and dendritic cells in inflammatory myopathies Ann Rheum Dis, March 1, 2009; 68(3): 300 - 304. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. R. Kim, R. Rajaiah, Q.-L. Wu, S. R. Satpute, M. T. Tan, J. E. Simon, B. M. Berman, and K. D. Moudgil Green Tea Protects Rats against Autoimmune Arthritis by Modulating Disease-Related Immune Events J. Nutr., November 1, 2008; 138(11): 2111 - 2116. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. A. Flierl, D. Rittirsch, H. Gao, L. M. Hoesel, B. A. Nadeau, D. E. Day, F. S. Zetoune, J. V. Sarma, M. S. Huber-Lang, J. L. M. Ferrara, et al. Adverse functions of IL-17A in experimental sepsis FASEB J, July 1, 2008; 22(7): 2198 - 2205. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. T. Nardelli, S. M. Callister, and R. F. Schell Lyme Arthritis: Current Concepts and a Change in Paradigm Clin. Vaccine Immunol., January 1, 2008; 15(1): 21 - 34. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Zrioual, M.-L. Toh, A. Tournadre, Y. Zhou, M.-A. Cazalis, A. Pachot, V. Miossec, and P. Miossec IL-17RA and IL-17RC Receptors Are Essential for IL-17A-Induced ELR+ CXC Chemokine Expression in Synoviocytes and Are Overexpressed in Rheumatoid Blood J. Immunol., January 1, 2008; 180(1): 655 - 663. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Yamaguchi, K. Fujio, H. Shoda, A. Okamoto, N. H. Tsuno, K. Takahashi, and K. Yamamoto IL-17B and IL-17C Are Associated with TNF-{alpha} Production and Contribute to the Exacerbation of Inflammatory Arthritis J. Immunol., November 15, 2007; 179(10): 7128 - 7136. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S.-J. Liu, J.-P. Tsai, C.-R. Shen, Y.-P. Sher, C.-L. Hsieh, Y.-C. Yeh, A.-H. Chou, S.-R. Chang, K.-N. Hsiao, F.-W. Yu, et al. Induction of a distinct CD8 Tnc17 subset by transforming growth factor-{beta} and interleukin-6 J. Leukoc. Biol., August 1, 2007; 82(2): 354 - 360. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Beklen, M. Ainola, M. Hukkanen, C. Gurgan, T. Sorsa, and Y.T. Konttinen MMPs, IL-1, and TNF are Regulated by IL-17 in Periodontitis Journal of Dental Research, April 1, 2007; 86(4): 347 - 351. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Umemura, A. Yahagi, S. Hamada, M. D. Begum, H. Watanabe, K. Kawakami, T. Suda, K. Sudo, S. Nakae, Y. Iwakura, et al. IL-17-Mediated Regulation of Innate and Acquired Immune Response against Pulmonary Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guerin Infection J. Immunol., March 15, 2007; 178(6): 3786 - 3796. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S.-A. Yoo, B.-H. Park, G.-S. Park, H.-S. Koh, M.-S. Lee, S. H. Ryu, K. Miyazawa, S.-H. Park, C.-S. Cho, and W.-U. Kim Calcineurin Is Expressed and Plays a Critical Role in Inflammatory Arthritis J. Immunol., August 15, 2006; 177(4): 2681 - 2690. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. I. Koenders, E. Lubberts, F. A. J. van de Loo, B. Oppers-Walgreen, L. van den Bersselaar, M. M. Helsen, J. K. Kolls, F. E. Di Padova, L. A. B. Joosten, and W. B. van den Berg Interleukin-17 Acts Independently of TNF-{alpha} under Arthritic Conditions J. Immunol., May 15, 2006; 176(10): 6262 - 6269. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. A. Amlong, D. T. Nardelli, S. H. Peterson, T. F. Warner, S. M. Callister, and R. F. Schell Anti-Interleukin-15 Prevents Arthritis in Borrelia-Vaccinated and -Infected Mice Clin. Vaccine Immunol., February 1, 2006; 13(2): 289 - 296. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.-L. Toh, S.-S. Hong, F. v. d. Loo, L. Franqueville, L. Lindholm, W. v. d. Berg, P. Boulanger, and P. Miossec Enhancement of Adenovirus-Mediated Gene Delivery to Rheumatoid Arthritis Synoviocytes and Synovium by Fiber Modifications: Role of Arginine-Glycine-Aspartic Acid (RGD)- and Non-RGD-Binding Integrins J. Immunol., December 1, 2005; 175(11): 7687 - 7698. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G Chevrel, C Granet, and P Miossec Contribution of tumour necrosis factor {alpha} and interleukin (IL) 1{beta} to IL6 production, NF-{kappa}B nuclear translocation, and class I MHC expression in muscle cells: in vitro regulation with specific cytokine inhibitors Ann Rheum Dis, September 1, 2005; 64(9): 1257 - 1262. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. I. Koenders, E. Lubberts, B. Oppers-Walgreen, L. van den Bersselaar, M. M. Helsen, F. E. Di Padova, A. M.H. Boots, H. Gram, L. A.B. Joosten, and W. B. van den Berg Blocking of Interleukin-17 during Reactivation of Experimental Arthritis Prevents Joint Inflammation and Bone Erosion by Decreasing RANKL and Interleukin-1 Am. J. Pathol., July 1, 2005; 167(1): 141 - 149. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.-E. Miranda-Carus, A. Balsa, M. Benito-Miguel, C. Perez de Ayala, and E. Martin-Mola IL-15 and the Initiation of Cell Contact-Dependent Synovial Fibroblast-T Lymphocyte Cross-Talk in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Effect of Methotrexate J. Immunol., July 15, 2004; 173(2): 1463 - 1476. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W. H. Faour, A. Mancini, Q. W. He, and J. A. Di Battista T-cell-derived Interleukin-17 Regulates the Level and Stability of Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA through Restricted Activation of the p38 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Cascade: ROLE OF DISTAL SEQUENCES IN THE 3'-UNTRANSLATED REGION OF COX-2 mRNA J. Biol. Chem., July 11, 2003; 278(29): 26897 - 26907. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. A. Burchill, D. T. Nardelli, D. M. England, D. J. DeCoster, J. A. Christopherson, S. M. Callister, and R. F. Schell Inhibition of Interleukin-17 Prevents the Development of Arthritis in Vaccinated Mice Challenged with Borrelia burgdorferi Infect. Immun., June 1, 2003; 71(6): 3437 - 3442. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. I. Happel, M. Zheng, E. Young, L. J. Quinton, E. Lockhart, A. J. Ramsay, J. E. Shellito, J. R. Schurr, G. J. Bagby, S. Nelson, et al. Cutting Edge: Roles of Toll-Like Receptor 4 and IL-23 in IL-17 Expression in Response to Klebsiella pneumoniae Infection J. Immunol., May 1, 2003; 170(9): 4432 - 4436. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Lubberts, L. van den Bersselaar, B. Oppers-Walgreen, P. Schwarzenberger, C. J. J. Coenen-de Roo, J. K. Kolls, L. A. B. Joosten, and W. B. van den Berg IL-17 Promotes Bone Erosion in Murine Collagen-Induced Arthritis Through Loss of the Receptor Activator of NF-{kappa}B Ligand/Osteoprotegerin Balance J. Immunol., March 1, 2003; 170(5): 2655 - 2662. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Ferretti, O. Bonneau, G. R. Dubois, C. E. Jones, and A. Trifilieff IL-17, Produced by Lymphocytes and Neutrophils, Is Necessary for Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Airway Neutrophilia: IL-15 as a Possible Trigger J. Immunol., February 15, 2003; 170(4): 2106 - 2112. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Aggarwal, N. Ghilardi, M.-H. Xie, F. J. de Sauvage, and A. L. Gurney Interleukin-23 Promotes a Distinct CD4 T Cell Activation State Characterized by the Production of Interleukin-17 J. Biol. Chem., January 10, 2003; 278(3): 1910 - 1914. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. W. Hellings, A. Kasran, Z. Liu, P. Vandekerckhove, A. Wuyts, L. Overbergh, C. Mathieu, and J. L. Ceuppens Interleukin-17 Orchestrates the Granulocyte Influx into Airways after Allergen Inhalation in a Mouse Model of Allergic Asthma Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., January 1, 2003; 28(1): 42 - 50. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S Fujino, A Andoh, S Bamba, A Ogawa, K Hata, Y Araki, T Bamba, and Y Fujiyama Increased expression of interleukin 17 in inflammatory bowel disease Gut, January 1, 2003; 52(1): 65 - 70. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R L van Bezooijen, L van der Wee-Pals, S E Papapoulos, and C W G M Lowik Interleukin 17 synergises with tumour necrosis factor {alpha} to induce cartilage destruction in vitro Ann Rheum Dis, October 1, 2002; 61(10): 870 - 876. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. R. Kim, R. Manoukian, R. Yeh, S. M. Silbiger, D. M. Danilenko, S. Scully, J. Sun, M. L. DeRose, M. Stolina, D. Chang, et al. Transgenic overexpression of human IL-17E results in eosinophilia, B-lymphocyte hyperplasia, and altered antibody production Blood, September 18, 2002; 100(7): 2330 - 2340. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P J Koshy, N Henderson, C Logan, P F Life, T E Cawston, and A D Rowan Interleukin 17 induces cartilage collagen breakdown: novel synergistic effects in combination with proinflammatory cytokines Ann Rheum Dis, August 1, 2002; 61(8): 704 - 713. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G Chevrel, P Garnero, and P Miossec Addition of interleukin 1 (IL1) and IL17 soluble receptors to a tumour necrosis factor {alpha} soluble receptor more effectively reduces the production of IL6 and macrophage inhibitory protein-3{alpha} and increases that of collagen in an in vitro model of rheumatoid synoviocyte activation Ann Rheum Dis, August 1, 2002; 61(8): 730 - 733. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. D. Hurst, T. Muchamuel, D. M. Gorman, J. M. Gilbert, T. Clifford, S. Kwan, S. Menon, B. Seymour, C. Jackson, T. T. Kung, et al. New IL-17 Family Members Promote Th1 or Th2 Responses in the Lung: In Vivo Function of the Novel Cytokine IL-25 J. Immunol., July 1, 2002; 169(1): 443 - 453. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Hata, A. Andoh, M. Shimada, S. Fujino, S. Bamba, Y. Araki, T. Okuno, Y. Fujiyama, and T. Bamba IL-17 stimulates inflammatory responses via NF-kappa B and MAP kinase pathways in human colonic myofibroblasts Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, June 1, 2002; 282(6): G1035 - G1044. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Benchetrit, A. Ciree, V. Vives, G. Warnier, A. Gey, C. Sautes-Fridman, F. Fossiez, N. Haicheur, W. H. Fridman, and E. Tartour Interleukin-17 inhibits tumor cell growth by means of a T-cell-dependent mechanism Blood, March 15, 2002; 99(6): 2114 - 2121. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Shimada, A. Andoh, K. Hata, K. Tasaki, Y. Araki, Y. Fujiyama, and T. Bamba IL-6 Secretion by Human Pancreatic Periacinar Myofibroblasts in Response to Inflammatory Mediators J. Immunol., January 15, 2002; 168(2): 861 - 868. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Aggarwal and A. L. Gurney IL-17: prototype member of an emerging cytokine family J. Leukoc. Biol., January 1, 2002; 71(1): 1 - 8. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Yamashita, Y. Yonemitsu, S. Okano, K. Nakagawa, Y. Nakashima, T. Irisa, Y. Iwamoto, Y. Nagai, M. Hasegawa, and K. Sueishi Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 Determines Severity of Joint Disease in Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis in Rats J. Immunol., January 1, 2002; 168(1): 450 - 457. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Chabaud, G. Page, and P. Miossec Enhancing Effect of IL-1, IL-17, and TNF-{alpha} on Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-3{alpha} Production in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Regulation by Soluble Receptors and Th2 Cytokines J. Immunol., November 15, 2001; 167(10): 6015 - 6020. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Ye, F. H. Rodriguez, S. Kanaly, K. L. Stocking, J. Schurr, P. Schwarzenberger, P. Oliver, W. Huang, P. Zhang, J. Zhang, et al. Requirement of Interleukin 17 Receptor Signaling for Lung CXC Chemokine and Granulocyte Colony-stimulating Factor Expression, Neutrophil Recruitment, and Host Defense J. Exp. Med., August 20, 2001; 194(4): 519 - 528. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Lubberts, L. A. B. Joosten, B. Oppers, L. van den Bersselaar, C. J. J. Coenen-de Roo, J. K. Kolls, P. Schwarzenberger, F. A. J. van de Loo, and W. B. van den Berg IL-1-Independent Role of IL-17 in Synovial Inflammation and Joint Destruction During Collagen-Induced Arthritis J. Immunol., July 15, 2001; 167(2): 1004 - 1013. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Yamamura, R. Gupta, Y. Morita, X. He, R. Pai, J. Endres, A. Freiberg, K. Chung, and D. A. Fox Effector Function of Resting T Cells: Activation of Synovial Fibroblasts J. Immunol., February 15, 2001; 166(4): 2270 - 2275. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Infante-Duarte, H. F. Horton, M. C. Byrne, and T. Kamradt Microbial Lipopeptides Induce the Production of IL-17 in Th Cells J. Immunol., December 1, 2000; 165(11): 6107 - 6115. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Witowski, K. Pawlaczyk, A. Breborowicz, A. Scheuren, M. Kuzlan-Pawlaczyk, J. Wisniewska, A. Polubinska, H. Friess, G. M. Gahl, U. Frei, et al. IL-17 Stimulates Intraperitoneal Neutrophil Infiltration Through the Release of GRO{alpha} Chemokine from Mesothelial Cells J. Immunol., November 15, 2000; 165(10): 5814 - 5821. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Luzza, T. Parrello, G. Monteleone, L. Sebkova, M. Romano, R. Zarrilli, M. Imeneo, and F. Pallone Up-Regulation of IL-17 Is Associated with Bioactive IL-8 Expression in Helicobacter pylori-Infected Human Gastric Mucosa J. Immunol., November 1, 2000; 165(9): 5332 - 5337. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Dudler, N. Renggli-Zulliger, N. Busso, M. Lotz, and A. So Effect of interleukin 17 on proteoglycan degradation in murine knee joints Ann Rheum Dis, July 1, 2000; 59(7): 529 - 532. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. J. Auernhammer and S. Melmed Leukemia-Inhibitory Factor--Neuroimmune Modulator of Endocrine Function Endocr. Rev., June 1, 2000; 21(3): 313 - 345. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Schwandner, K. Yamaguchi, and Z. Cao Requirement of Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-associated Factor (TRAF)6 in Interleukin 17 Signal Transduction J. Exp. Med., April 3, 2000; 191(7): 1233 - 1240. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Ziolkowska, A. Koc, G. Luszczykiewicz, K. Ksiezopolska-Pietrzak, E. Klimczak, H. Chwalinska-Sadowska, and W. Maslinski High Levels of IL-17 in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: IL-15 Triggers In Vitro IL-17 Production Via Cyclosporin A-Sensitive Mechanism J. Immunol., March 1, 2000; 164(5): 2832 - 2838. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Li, J. Chen, A. Huang, J. Stinson, S. Heldens, J. Foster, P. Dowd, A. L. Gurney, and W. I. Wood Cloning and characterization of IL-17B and IL-17C, two new members of the IL-17 cytokine family PNAS, January 18, 2000; 97(2): 773 - 778. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Tartour, F. Fossiez, I. Joyeux, A. Galinha, A. Gey, E. Claret, X. Sastre-Garau, J. Couturier, V. Mosseri, V. Vives, et al. Interleukin 17, a T-cell-derived Cytokine, Promotes Tumorigenicity of Human Cervical Tumors in Nude Mice Cancer Res., August 1, 1999; 59(15): 3698 - 3704. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. A. Gadient and P. H. Patterson Leukemia Inhibitory Factor, Interleukin 6, and Other Cytokines Using the GP130 Transducing Receptor: Roles in Inflammation and Injury Stem Cells, May 1, 1999; 17(3): 127 - 137. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D Matusevicius, P Kivisakk, B He, N Kostulas, V Ozenci, S Fredrikson, and H Link Interleukin-17 mRNA expression in blood and CSF mononuclear cells is augmented in multiple sclerosis Multiple Sclerosis, April 1, 1999; 5(2): 101 - 104. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Aarvak, M. Chabaud, P. Miossec, and J. B. Natvig IL-17 Is Produced by Some Proinflammatory Th1/Th0 Cells But Not by Th2 Cells J. Immunol., February 1, 1999; 162(3): 1246 - 1251. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. A. Antonysamy, W. C. Fanslow, F. Fu, W. Li, S. Qian, A. B. Troutt, and A. W. Thomson Evidence for a Role of IL-17 in Organ Allograft Rejection: IL-17 Promotes the Functional Differentiation of Dendritic Cell Progenitors J. Immunol., January 1, 1999; 162(1): 577 - 584. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Shi, S. J. Ullrich, J. Zhang, K. Connolly, K. J. Grzegorzewski, M. C. Barber, W. Wang, K. Wathen, V. Hodge, C. L. Fisher, et al. A Novel Cytokine Receptor-Ligand Pair. IDENTIFICATION, MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION, AND IN VIVO IMMUNOMODULATORY ACTIVITY J. Biol. Chem., June 16, 2000; 275(25): 19167 - 19176. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
