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1-Acid Glycoprotein by Rat and Human Type II Alveolar Epithelial Cells1
*
Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U408 and
INSERM U327, Faculté de Médecine Xavier Bichat, and
Laboratoire de Biochimie A and
§
Laboratoire d’Anatomie-Pathologique, Hôpital Bichat, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
1-Acid glycoprotein (AGP) is a major acute phase
protein in rat and human. AGP has important immunomodulatory functions
that are potentially important for pulmonary inflammatory response. The
liver is the main tissue for AGP synthesis in the organism, but the
expression of AGP in the rat lung has not been investigated. We show
that AGP mRNA was induced in the lung of dexamethasone-, turpentine-,
or LPS-treated rats, whereas AGP mRNA was not detected in the lung of
control rats. In the lung of animals treated intratracheally with LPS,
in situ hybridization showed that AGP gene expression was restricted to
cells located in the corners of the alveolus, consistent with an
alveolar type II (ATII) cell localization. The inducible expression of
the AGP gene was confirmed in vitro with SV40 T2 cells and rat ATII
cells in primary culture: maximal expression required the presence of
dexamethasone. IL-1 and the conditioned medium of alveolar macrophages
acted synergistically with dexamethasone. Rat ATII cells secreted
immunoreactive AGP in vitro when stimulated with dexamethasone or with
a combination of dexamethasone and the conditioned medium of alveolar
macrophages. In vivo, in the human lung, we detected immunoreactive AGP
in hyperplastic ATII cells, whereas we did not detect AGP in the normal
lung. We conclude that AGP is expressed in the lung in cases of
inflammation and that ATII cells are the main source of AGP in the
lung.
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