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The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Post Office Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria, Australia
Experimental systems based on immunization with plasmid DNA or
immune-stimulating complexes were used to delineate the requirements
for generation of protective immunity against murine leishmaniasis.
Vaccination with plasmid DNA encoding the host-protective
Leishmania major parasite surface Ag-2 primed
for an essentially exclusive Th1 response that protected mice against
L. major infection. In contrast, parasite surface Ag-2 in
immune-stimulating complexes generated an immune response with mixed
Th1-like and Th2-like properties that was not protective despite the
activation of large numbers of CD4+ T cells secreting
IFN-
. These results indicate that a Th1 response is sufficient to
protect against cutaneous leishmaniasis, but the induction of a
simultaneous Th2 response abrogates the Th1 effector function. DNA
vaccines may therefore have an advantage for diseases in which
protection depends on the induction of Th1 responses.
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