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Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544
Although there is evidence that some members of the CD1 gene family
may present particular types of foreign Ags, such as mycobacterial
lipid Ags or synthetic hydrophobic peptides, to
ß T cells, most
CD1 isotypes share the unusual property of being recognized by a high
frequency of naturally autoreactive
ß T cells. In the case of
mouse CD1.1 and its human counterpart CD1d, a significant fraction of
the autoreactive T cells express semi-invariant TCRs. CD1.1-specific T
cells have a restricted tissue distribution and very promptly secrete a
large panel of potent cytokines, including IL-4 and IFN-
, upon
primary activation through their TCR, suggesting that they might
regulate some immune responses in these tissues. We show here that
their autorecognition of mouse CD1.1 is highly dependent upon the cell
type in which CD1.1 is expressed. For example, some of these T cells
only respond to CD1.1 expressed by splenic dendritic cells, some
respond preferentially to cortical thymocytes, and others respond to
splenic B cells. Tissue specificity of CD1.1 recognition is also
observed with various cell lines transfected with CD1.1 cDNA. These
results show that different CD1.1 self Ags are expressed in different
tissues and can be specifically recognized by autoreactive T cells.
They suggest that CD1.1 may be naturally associated with a variety of
self ligands that overlap only partially in different cell types.
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