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Induction of a Selective and Persistent Extravasation of Neutrophils into the Peritoneal Cavity by Tryptase Mouse Mast Cell Protease 6¹

Chifu Huang^*,, Daniel S. Friend^,§, Wen-Tao Qiu, Guang W. Wong^*,, Guillermo Morales, John Hunt^*, and Richard L. Stevens^2,*,

Departments of ^* Medicine and Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; and Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy and ^§ Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115

Recombinant mouse mast cell protease 6 (mMCP-6) was generated to study the role of this tryptase in inflammatory reactions. Seven to forty-eight hours after the i.p. injection of recombinant mMCP-6 into BALB/c, mast cell-deficient WCB6F₁-Sl/Sl^d, C5-deficient, or mMCP-5-null mice, the number of neutrophils in the peritoneal cavity of each animal increased significantly by >50-fold. The failure of the closely related recombinant tryptase mMCP-7 to induce a comparable peritonitis indicates that the substrate specificities of the two tryptases are very different. Unlike most forms of acute inflammation, the mMCP-6-mediated peritonitis was relatively long lasting and neutrophil specific. Mouse MCP-6 did not induce neutrophil chemotaxis directly in an in vitro assay, but did promote chemotaxis of the leukocyte in the presence of endothelial cells. Mouse MCP-6 did not induce cultured human endothelial cells to express TNF-, RANTES, IL-1, or IL-6. However, the tryptase induced endothelial cells to express large amounts of IL-8 continually over a 40-h period. Neither enzymatically active mMCP-7 nor enzymatically inactive pro-mMCP-6 was able to induce endothelial cells to increase their expression of IL-8. Although the mechanism by which mMCP-6 induces neutrophil accumulation in tissues remains to be determined, the finding that mMCP-6 induces cultured human endothelial cells to selectively release large amounts of IL-8 raises the possibility that this tryptase regulates the steady state levels of neutrophil-specific chemokines in vivo during mast cell-mediated inflammatory events.