HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Rakasz, E. Articles by Weinstock, J. V. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Rakasz, E. Articles by Weinstock, J. V. Pubmed/NCBI databases Gene GEO Profiles HomoloGene UniGene Substance via MeSH

Localization and Regulation of IFN- Production Within the Granulomas of Murine Schistosomiasis in IL-4-Deficient and Control Mice¹

Eva Rakasz, Arthur M. Blum^*, Ahmed Metwali^*, David E. Elliott^*, Jie Li^*, Zuhair K. Ballas^*, Khurram Qadir^*, Richard Lynch and Joel V. Weinstock^2,*

Departments of ^* Internal Medicine and Pathology, Divisions of Gastroenterology-Hepatology and Allergy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242

Schistosome granulomas from normal or IL-4-deficient C57BL/6 mice make little IFN- and show no Th1 polarization. This could signify that these granulomas have few cells capable of IFN- synthesis or that such cells are under tight control. Granulomas can make IL-10 and TGF-ß, which can regulate IFN- synthesis. Using FACS analysis and ELISA, we explored the origin and regulation of IFN- in schistosome granulomas from both IL-4^-/- and IL-4^+/+ mice. FACS analysis of intracytoplasmic IFN- staining showed that some granuloma Thy1.2⁺ T cells (CD8⁺ and CD4⁺) express IFN-. Granulomas had NK1.1⁺ cells, but they appeared to produce little or no IFN-. Purified granuloma Thy1.2⁺ cells made IFN- in vitro, whereas isolated NK1.1⁺ lymphocytes secreted little even with rIL-12 stimulation. Culture of granuloma cells with blocking anti-IL-10 or anti-TGF-ß mAb or with rIL-12 substantially increased T cell IFN- synthesis, particularly in the IL-4^-/- animals. Cultured granuloma cells depleted of Thy1.2⁺ lymphocytes by Ab and C released no IFN-. It is concluded that granuloma IFN- comes from T cells, not NK cells. Also, this T cell-derived IFN- is subject to IL-10 and TGF-ß regulation, which is particularly evident in IL-4^-/- mice. Thus, the Th2 granuloma of schistosomiasis has large numbers of activated Th1 or Th0 lymphocytes that are under tight restraint.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				J.-K. Peng, J.-S. Lin, J. T. Kung, F. D. Finkelman, and B. A. Wu-Hsieh The combined effect of IL-4 and IL-10 suppresses the generation of, but does not change the polarity of, type-1 T cells in Histoplasma infection Int. Immunol., February 1, 2005; 17(2): 193 - 205. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Metwali, A. M. Blum, D. E. Elliott, T. Setiawan, and J. V. Weinstock Cutting Edge: Hemokinin Has Substance P-Like Function and Expression in Inflammation J. Immunol., June 1, 2004; 172(11): 6528 - 6532. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. M. Blum, A. Metwali, D. E. Elliott, and J. V. Weinstock T cell substance P receptor governs antigen-elicited IFN-gamma production Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, February 1, 2003; 284(2): G197 - G204. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. d. S. Pyrrho, J. A. Ramos, R. M. Neto, C. S. d. Silva, H. L. Lenzi, C. M. Takiya, and C. R. Gattass Dexamethasone, a Drug for Attenuation of Schistosoma mansoni Infection Morbidity Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., November 1, 2002; 46(11): 3490 - 3498. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Metwali, A. Blum, D. E. Elliott, and J. V. Weinstock Interleukin-4 Receptor {alpha} Chain and STAT6 Signaling Inhibit Gamma Interferon but Not Th2 Cytokine Expression within Schistosome Granulomas Infect. Immun., October 1, 2002; 70(10): 5651 - 5658. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. C. La Flamme, E. A. Patton, and E. J. Pearce Role of Gamma Interferon in the Pathogenesis of Severe Schistosomiasis in Interleukin-4-Deficient Mice Infect. Immun., December 1, 2001; 69(12): 7445 - 7452. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Qadir, A. Metwali, A. M. Blum, J. Li, D. E. Elliott, and J. V. Weinstock TGF-beta and IL-10 regulation of IFN-gamma produced in Th2-type schistosome granulomas requires IL-12 Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, October 1, 2001; 281(4): G940 - G946. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. M. BLUM, A. METWALI, C. CRAWFORD, J. LI, K. QADIR, D. E. ELLIOTT, and J. V. WEINSTOCK Interleukin 12 and antigen independently induce substance P receptor expression in T cells in murine schistosomiasis mansoni FASEB J, April 1, 2001; 15(6): 950 - 957. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Lohning, J. L. Grogan, A. J. Coyle, M. Yazdanbakhsh, C. Meisel, J.-C. Gutierrez-Ramos, A. Radbruch, and T. Kamradt T1/ST2 Expression Is Enhanced on CD4+ T Cells from Schistosome Egg-Induced Granulomas: Analysis of Th Cell Cytokine Coexpression Ex Vivo J. Immunol., April 1, 1999; 162(7): 3882 - 3889. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. G. Fallon and D. W. Dunne Tolerization of Mice to Schistosoma mansoni Egg Antigens Causes Elevated Type 1 and Diminished Type 2 Cytokine Responses and Increased Mortality in Acute Infection J. Immunol., April 1, 1999; 162(7): 4122 - 4132. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. M. Blum, D. E. Elliott, A. Metwali, J. Li, K. Qadir, and J. V. Weinstock Substance P Regulates Somatostatin Expression in Inflammation J. Immunol., December 1, 1998; 161(11): 6316 - 6322. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]