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National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India
We have previously shown that conversion of proteins to scavenger
receptor (SR) ligands by maleylation increases their immunogenicity. We
now show that maleyl-Ag-immune spleen cells make relatively more
IFN-
and less IL-4 or IL-10 than native Ag-immune cells. This is
also reflected in the IgG1:IgG2a ratios in Abs generated in vivo. SR
engagement on macrophages does not alter their surface levels of the
adhesive/costimulatory molecules CD11a/CD18, CD11b/CD18, CD24, CD54, or
CD40, nor does it enhance their ability to support anti-CD3-driven
proliferation of naive T cells in vitro. Costimulatory molecules
implicated in differential Th1/Th2 commitmentCD80, CD86, and
IL-12are not inducible by SR ligation. In addition to macrophages and
dendritic cells, B cells also show receptor-mediated uptake and
enhanced presentation of maleyl-Ags. Using a monoclonal T cell line to
detect peptide-MHC complexes expressed on spleen cells in Ag-injected
mice, we find that higher levels of these complexes are generated
in vivo from maleyl-proteins and they persist longer than
those generated from the native protein. Together, these data suggest
that in certain situations, the levels of cognate ligand available
and/or the time course of their availability may play a major role in
determining the cytokine profiles of the responding T cells in addition
to the costimulatory signals implicated so far.
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