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and Granulocyte/Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor) Producing Donor Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes1
Laboratory of Biologic Cancer Therapy, Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Brigham and Womens Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
Adoptive immunotherapy with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL)
and systemic low dose rIL-2 effectively eradicates pulmonary metastases
of the murine MCA-105 sarcoma. We described earlier that host
CD8+ T cells are critical for tumor eradication and
that successful treatment is associated with production of high levels
of IFN-
and granulocyte/macrophage (GM)-CSF by donor TIL in vitro.
Here, we propose the mechanism through which adoptively transferred
Thy-1.1+ TIL induce a host antitumor response in congenic
Thy-1.2+ tumor-bearing mice. Donor Thy-1.1+ TIL
were detected at the tumor site 12 h after transfer. These
Thy-1.1+ cells produced IFN-
and GM-CSF in situ. The
percentage of Thy-1.1+ TIL at the tumor site increased up
to 16.4 ± 4.9% 24 h after transfer but decreased to
undetectable levels thereafter. In contrast, the percentages of host
cells producing IFN-
and GM-CSF continued to increase at the tumor
site. These increases were significantly higher in TIL +
rIL-2-treated mice compared with untreated mice and rIL-2-treated mice
48 h after TIL transfer. The appearance of IFN-
+
and GM-CSF+ cells was followed by a large influx of host
CD4+, CD8+, and Thy-1.2+ TIL and
eventually by tumor eradication. This response was tumor specific since
TIL obtained from MCA-205 did not induce high levels of IFN-
and
GM-CSF and did not induce tumor eradication of MCA-105 tumor.
Coinjection of Thy-1.1+ TIL and anti-IFN-
or
anti-GM-CSF mAb significantly inhibited antitumor efficacy of the
TIL + rIL-2 treatment. We conclude that successful adoptive
immunotherapy in this model is mediated through cytokine production by
adoptively transferred TIL that induce a host T cell-dependent
antitumor response.
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