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The Journal of Immunology, Vol 159, Issue 6 2616-2623, Copyright © 1997 by American Association of Immunologists
ARTICLES |
P Monteyne, JC Renauld, J Van Broeck, DW Dunne, F Brombacher and JP Coutelier
Unit of Experimental Medicine, Catholic University of Louvain and International Institute for Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Brussels, Belgium.
We focused on the role of IL-4 in the regulation of the Th2 cytokine IL- 9. In vivo, IL-9 mRNA was detected in lymph nodes after immunization with soluble Ags. IL-9 expression preceded that of IL-4, and was not affected in IL-4 knockout mice. In contrast, a significant decrease of IL-9 message was observed in IL-10-deficient mice, indicating a role for this cytokine in the induction of IL-9 production. Treatment with anti-CD4 Ab and analysis of purified CD4 cells confirmed that IL-9 was produced by CD4+ cells. Moreover, similarly to what has been reported for IL-4, IL-9 message induction was strongly decreased by infection with lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus. IL-9 mRNA was also detected after in vivo stimulation with anti-CD3 Ab. In this model, IL-9 expression followed that of IL-4, but was not reduced in IL-4-deficient mice. This contrasts with in vitro stimulation in which, as reported in humans, IL-9 expression in lymphocytes incubated with anti-CD3 Ab and costimulatory molecules appeared as a late event, and was partly dependent on IL-4. In vitro IL-9 secretion was reduced significantly by addition of anti-IL-4 Ab, as well as in lymphocytes from IL-4 gene- deficient mice. Taken together, our results indicate that the Th2 cytokine IL-9 can be expressed by both IL-4-dependent and -independent pathways.
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