|
|
||||||||
The Journal of Immunology, Vol 158, Issue 8 3738-3745, Copyright © 1997 by American Association of Immunologists
ARTICLES |
L Van Parijs, A Biuckians, A Ibragimov, FW Alt, DM Willerford and AK Abbas
Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
IL-2 was initially defined as a T lymphocyte growth factor, but recent studies have provided evidence that it may also play a role in regulating T cell differentiation, apoptosis, and tolerance. To examine the contribution of IL-2 to these processes, we have bred a class II- restricted TCR transgene into mice deficient in the alpha-chain of the IL-2R, CD25. We show that in response to Ag, T cells from these mice are unable to use IL-2 and, as a result, are less efficient at traversing the cell cycle, and proliferate less than wild-type cells. Furthermore, CD25 -/- T cells exhibit reduced survival in vitro, even in the presence of costimulatory signals. IL-4 and IL-15, a cytokine related to IL-2, enhance the survival and Ag-induced proliferation of CD25 -/- T cells. Activated CD25 -/- T cells are resistant to Fas- mediated activation-induced cell death (AICD), and this defect cannot be corrected by other cytokines. Therefore, IL-2 plays a unique role in regulating AICD, but has redundant roles in T cell survival and proliferation in vitro. The failure of AICD observed with CD25 -/- T cells may explain the unexpected observation that deficiency of IL-2 or of the alpha- or beta-chain of the IL-2R results not in immunodeficiency, but in autoimmune disease.
This article has been cited by other articles:
![]() |
J. F. Camargo, M. P. Quinones, S. Mummidi, S. Srinivas, A. A. Gaitan, K. Begum, F. Jimenez, S. VanCompernolle, D. Unutmaz, S. S. Ahuja, et al. CCR5 Expression Levels Influence NFAT Translocation, IL-2 Production, and Subsequent Signaling Events during T Lymphocyte Activation J. Immunol., January 1, 2009; 182(1): 171 - 182. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
H. Dooms, K. Wolslegel, P. Lin, and A. K. Abbas Interleukin-2 enhances CD4+ T cell memory by promoting the generation of IL-7R{alpha}-expressing cells J. Exp. Med., March 19, 2007; 204(3): 547 - 557. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
H.-P. Kim, B.-G. Kim, J. Letterio, and W. J. Leonard Smad-dependent Cooperative Regulation of Interleukin 2 Receptor {alpha} Chain Gene Expression by T Cell Receptor and Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} J. Biol. Chem., October 7, 2005; 280(40): 34042 - 34047. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. Rifa'i, Y. Kawamoto, I. Nakashima, and H. Suzuki Essential Roles of CD8+CD122+ Regulatory T Cells in the Maintenance of T Cell Homeostasis J. Exp. Med., November 1, 2004; 200(9): 1123 - 1134. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. Apostolaki and N. A. Williams Nasal Delivery of Antigen with the B Subunit of Escherichia coli Heat-Labile Enterotoxin Augments Antigen-Specific T-Cell Clonal Expansion and Differentiation Infect. Immun., July 1, 2004; 72(7): 4072 - 4080. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
H. Dooms, E. Kahn, B. Knoechel, and A. K. Abbas IL-2 Induces a Competitive Survival Advantage in T Lymphocytes J. Immunol., May 15, 2004; 172(10): 5973 - 5979. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
B. H. Nelson IL-2, Regulatory T Cells, and Tolerance J. Immunol., April 1, 2004; 172(7): 3983 - 3988. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
T. J. Mitchell, S. J. Whittaker, and S. John Dysregulated Expression of COOH-Terminally Truncated Stat5 and Loss of IL2-Inducible Stat5-Dependent Gene Expression in Sezary Syndrome Cancer Res., December 15, 2003; 63(24): 9048 - 9054. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. W. Snow, N. Abraham, M. C. Ma, B. G. Herndier, A. W. Pastuszak, and M. A. Goldsmith Loss of Tolerance and Autoimmunity Affecting Multiple Organs in STAT5A/5B-Deficient Mice J. Immunol., November 15, 2003; 171(10): 5042 - 5050. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
H. von Boehmer Dynamics of Suppressor T Cells: In Vivo Veritas J. Exp. Med., September 15, 2003; 198(6): 845 - 849. [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
I. Schmitz, A. Krueger, S. Baumann, H. Schulze-Bergkamen, P. H. Krammer, and S. Kirchhoff An IL-2-Dependent Switch Between CD95 Signaling Pathways Sensitizes Primary Human T Cells Toward CD95-Mediated Activation-Induced Cell Death J. Immunol., September 15, 2003; 171(6): 2930 - 2936. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
R. A. Corn, M. A. Aronica, F. Zhang, Y. Tong, S. A. Stanley, S. R. A. Kim, L. Stephenson, B. Enerson, S. McCarthy, A. Mora, et al. T Cell-Intrinsic Requirement for NF-{kappa}B Induction in Postdifferentiation IFN-{gamma} Production and Clonal Expansion in a Th1 Response J. Immunol., August 15, 2003; 171(4): 1816 - 1824. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. Zhang, T. Bardos, Q. Shao, J. Tschopp, K. Mikecz, T. T. Glant, and A. Finnegan IL-4 Potentiates Activated T Cell Apoptosis Via an IL-2-Dependent Mechanism J. Immunol., April 1, 2003; 170(7): 3495 - 3503. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. Yu, J. Zhou, N. Marten, C. C. Bergmann, M. Mammolenti, R. B. Levy, and T. R. Malek Efficient Induction of Primary and Secondary T Cell-Dependent Immune Responses In Vivo in the Absence of Functional IL-2 and IL-15 Receptors J. Immunol., January 1, 2003; 170(1): 236 - 242. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Chaudhry, W. J. Freebern, J. L. Smith, W. G. Butscher, C. M. Haggerty, and K. Gardner Cross-Regulation of T Cell Growth Factor Expression by p53 and the Tax Oncogene J. Immunol., December 15, 2002; 169(12): 6767 - 6778. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Colombetti, F. Benigni, V. Basso, and A. Mondino Clonal Anergy Is Maintained Independently of T Cell Proliferation J. Immunol., December 1, 2002; 169(11): 6178 - 6186. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. R. M. Almeida, N. Legrand, M. Papiernik, and A. A. Freitas Homeostasis of Peripheral CD4+ T Cells: IL-2R{alpha} and IL-2 Shape a Population of Regulatory Cells That Controls CD4+ T Cell Numbers J. Immunol., November 1, 2002; 169(9): 4850 - 4860. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
E. S. Hwang, I. A. White, and I-C. Ho An IL-4-independent and CD25-mediated function of c-maf in promoting the production of Th2 cytokines PNAS, October 1, 2002; 99(20): 13026 - 13030. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. F. McDyer, Z. Li, S. John, X. Yu, C.-y. Wu, and J. A. Ragheb IL-2 Receptor Blockade Inhibits Late, But Not Early, IFN-{gamma} and CD40 Ligand Expression in Human T Cells: Disruption of Both IL-12-Dependent and -Independent Pathways of IFN-{gamma} Production J. Immunol., September 1, 2002; 169(5): 2736 - 2746. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. Banz, C. Pontoux, and M. Papiernik Modulation of Fas-Dependent Apoptosis: A Dynamic Process Controlling Both the Persistence and Death of CD4 Regulatory T Cells and Effector T Cells J. Immunol., July 15, 2002; 169(2): 750 - 757. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
W. N. D'Souza, K. S. Schluns, D. Masopust, and L. Lefrancois Essential Role for IL-2 in the Regulation of Antiviral Extralymphoid CD8 T Cell Responses J. Immunol., June 1, 2002; 168(11): 5566 - 5572. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
E. Kelly, A. Won, Y. Refaeli, and L. V. Parijs IL-2 and Related Cytokines Can Promote T Cell Survival by Activating AKT J. Immunol., January 15, 2002; 168(2): 597 - 603. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
T. L. Vanasek, A. Khoruts, T. Zell, and D. L. Mueller Antagonistic Roles for CTLA-4 and the Mammalian Target of Rapamycin in the Regulation of Clonal Anergy: Enhanced Cell Cycle Progression Promotes Recall Antigen Responsiveness J. Immunol., November 15, 2001; 167(10): 5636 - 5644. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. J. H. Bleesing, M. R. Brown, S. E. Straus, J. K. Dale, R. M. Siegel, M. Johnson, M. J. Lenardo, J. M. Puck, and T. A. Fleisher Immunophenotypic profiles in families with autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome Blood, October 15, 2001; 98(8): 2466 - 2473. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
N. Auphan-Anezin and A.-M. Schmitt-Verhulst Differential Survival of Transferred CD8 T Cells and Host Reconstitution Depending on TCR Avidity for Host-Expressed Alloantigen J. Immunol., June 15, 2001; 166(12): 7200 - 7207. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
H. Bassiri and S. R. Carding A Requirement for IL-2/IL-2 Receptor Signaling in Intrathymic Negative Selection J. Immunol., May 15, 2001; 166(10): 5945 - 5954. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
B. Min, K. L. Legge, J. J. Bell, R. K. Gregg, L. Li, J. C. Caprio, and H. Zaghouani Neonatal Exposure to Antigen Induces a Defective CD40 Ligand Expression that Undermines Both IL-12 Production by APC and IL-2 Receptor Up-Regulation on Splenic T Cells and Perpetuates IFN-{{gamma}}-Dependent T Cell Anergy J. Immunol., May 1, 2001; 166(9): 5594 - 5603. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. M. Mariner, V. Lantz, T. A. Waldmann, and N. Azimi Human T Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type I Tax Activates IL-15R{{alpha}} Gene Expression Through an NF-{{kappa}}B Site J. Immunol., February 15, 2001; 166(4): 2602 - 2609. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. N. Vallejo, M. Schirmer, C. M. Weyand, and J. J. Goronzy Clonality and Longevity of CD4+CD28null T Cells Are Associated with Defects in Apoptotic Pathways J. Immunol., December 1, 2000; 165(11): 6301 - 6307. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. Caamano, C. Tato, G. Cai, E. N. Villegas, K. Speirs, L. Craig, J. Alexander, and C. A. Hunter Identification of a Role for NF-{kappa}B2 in the Regulation of Apoptosis and in Maintenance of T Cell-Mediated Immunity to Toxoplasma gondii J. Immunol., November 15, 2000; 165(10): 5720 - 5728. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
H. Tsunobuchi, H. Nishimura, F. Goshima, T. Daikoku, Y. Nishiyama, and Y. Yoshikai Memory-Type CD8+ T Cells Protect IL-2 Receptor {alpha}-Deficient Mice from Systemic Infection with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 J. Immunol., October 15, 2000; 165(8): 4552 - 4560. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
K G Warren and I. Catz Kinetic profiles of cerebrospinal fluid anti-MBP in response to intravenous MBP synthetic peptide DENP85VVHFFKNIVTP96RT in multiple sclerosis patients Multiple Sclerosis, October 1, 2000; 6(5): 300 - 311. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
Z. Dai, B. T. Konieczny, and F. G. Lakkis The Dual Role of IL-2 in the Generation and Maintenance of CD8+ Memory T Cells J. Immunol., September 15, 2000; 165(6): 3031 - 3036. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
P. A. Lyons, N. Armitage, F. Argentina, P. Denny, N. J. Hill, C. J. Lord, M. B. Wilusz, L. B. Peterson, L. S. Wicker, and J. A. Todd Congenic Mapping of the Type 1 Diabetes Locus, Idd3, to a 780-kb Region of Mouse Chromosome 3: Identification of a Candidate Segment of Ancestral DNA by Haplotype Mapping Genome Res., April 1, 2000; 10(4): 446 - 453. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
A. Ribas, L. H. Butterfield, B. Hu, V. B. Dissette, W. S. Meng, A. Koh, K. J. Andrews, M. Lee, S. N. Amar, J. A. Glaspy, et al. Immune Deviation and Fas-mediated Deletion Limit Antitumor Activity after Multiple Dendritic Cell Vaccinations in Mice Cancer Res., April 1, 2000; 60(8): 2218 - 2224. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
T. R. Malek, B. O. Porter, E. K. Codias, P. Scibelli, and A. Yu Normal Lymphoid Homeostasis and Lack of Lethal Autoimmunity in Mice Containing Mature T Cells with Severely Impaired IL-2 Receptors J. Immunol., March 15, 2000; 164(6): 2905 - 2914. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
D. Przepiorka, N. A. Kernan, C. Ippoliti, E. B. Papadopoulos, S. Giralt, I. Khouri, J.-G. Lu, J. Gajewski, A. Durett, K. Cleary, et al. Daclizumab, a humanized anti-interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain antibody, for treatment of acute graft-versus-host disease Blood, January 1, 2000; 95(1): 83 - 89. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
H. Suzuki, Y. W. Zhou, M. Kato, T. W. Mak, and I. Nakashima Normal Regulatory {alpha}/{beta} T Cells Effectively Eliminate Abnormally Activated T Cells Lacking the Interleukin 2 Receptor {beta} In Vivo J. Exp. Med., December 6, 1999; 190(11): 1561 - 1572. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. A. Aronica, A. L. Mora, D. B. Mitchell, P. W. Finn, J. E. Johnson, J. R. Sheller, and M. R. Boothby Preferential Role for NF-{kappa}B/Rel Signaling in the Type 1 But Not Type 2 T Cell-Dependent Immune Response In Vivo J. Immunol., November 1, 1999; 163(9): 5116 - 5124. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
L. Haynes, P.-J. Linton, S. M. Eaton, S. L. Tonkonogy, and S. L. Swain Interleukin 2, but Not Other Common {gamma} Chain–binding Cytokines, Can Reverse the Defect in Generation of CD4 Effector T Cells from Naive T Cells of Aged Mice J. Exp. Med., October 4, 1999; 190(7): 1013 - 1024. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
L. E. Wrenshall and J. L. Platt Regulation of T Cell Homeostasis by Heparan Sulfate-Bound IL-2 J. Immunol., October 1, 1999; 163(7): 3793 - 3800. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. Ahmadzadeh, S. F. Hussain, and D. L. Farber Effector CD4 T Cells Are Biochemically Distinct from the Memory Subset: Evidence for Long-Term Persistence of Effectors In Vivo J. Immunol., September 15, 1999; 163(6): 3053 - 3063. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
Z. Dai, A. Arakelov, M. Wagener, B. T. Konieczny, and F. G. Lakkis The Role of the Common Cytokine Receptor {gamma}-Chain in Regulating IL-2-Dependent, Activation-Induced CD8+ T Cell Death J. Immunol., September 15, 1999; 163(6): 3131 - 3137. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
C. A. Gullo, M. T. Esser, C. L. Fuller, and V. L. Braciale Generation of IL-2-Dependent Cytolytic T Lymphocytes (CTLs) with Altered TCR Responses Derived from Antigen-Dependent CTL Clones J. Immunol., June 1, 1999; 162(11): 6466 - 6472. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
C. Mohan, Y. Yu, L. Morel, P. Yang, and E. K. Wakeland Genetic Dissection of Sle Pathogenesis: Sle3 on Murine Chromosome 7 Impacts T Cell Activation, Differentiation, and Cell Death J. Immunol., June 1, 1999; 162(11): 6492 - 6502. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
Q. Khan, J. M. Penninger, L. Yang, L. E. Marra, I. Kozieradzki, and L. Zhang Regulation of Apoptosis in Mature {alpha}{beta}+CD4-CD8- Antigen-Specific Suppressor T Cell Clones J. Immunol., May 15, 1999; 162(10): 5860 - 5867. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. Algeciras-Schimnich, T. S. Griffith, D. H. Lynch, and C. V. Paya Cell Cycle-Dependent Regulation of FLIP Levels and Susceptibility to Fas-Mediated Apoptosis J. Immunol., May 1, 1999; 162(9): 5205 - 5211. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A N Theofilopoulos Effector and predisposing genes in murine lupus Lupus, November 1, 1998; 7(9): 575 - 584. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. D. Lord, B. C. McIntosh, P. D. Greenberg, and B. H. Nelson The IL-2 Receptor Promotes Proliferation, bcl-2 and bcl-x Induction, But Not Cell Viability Through the Adapter Molecule Shc J. Immunol., November 1, 1998; 161(9): 4627 - 4633. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
Z. Dai, B. T. Konieczny, F. K. Baddoura, and F. G. Lakkis Impaired Alloantigen-Mediated T Cell Apoptosis and Failure To Induce Long-Term Allograft Survival in IL-2-Deficient Mice J. Immunol., August 15, 1998; 161(4): 1659 - 1663. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
B. R. Dey, Y.-G. Yang, G. L. Szot, D. A. Pearson, and M. Sykes Interleukin-12 Inhibits Graft-Versus-Host Disease Through an Fas-Mediated Mechanism Associated With Alterations in Donor T-Cell Activation and Expansion Blood, May 1, 1998; 91(9): 3315 - 3322. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
L. V. Parijs and A. K. Abbas Homeostasis and Self-Tolerance in the Immune System: Turning Lymphocytes off Science, April 10, 1998; 280(5361): 243 - 248. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
A. Khoruts, A. Mondino, K. A. Pape, S. L. Reiner, and M. K. Jenkins A Natural Immunological Adjuvant Enhances T Cell Clonal Expansion through a CD28-dependent, Interleukin (IL)-2-independent Mechanism J. Exp. Med., January 19, 1998; 187(2): 225 - 236. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
L. Zheng, C. L. Trageser, D. M. Willerford, and M. J. Lenardo T Cell Growth Cytokines Cause the Superinduction of Molecules Mediating Antigen-Induced T Lymphocyte Death J. Immunol., January 15, 1998; 160(2): 763 - 769. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
N. Noraz, K. Schwarz, M. Steinberg, V. Dardalhon, C. Rebouissou, R. Hipskind, W. Friedrich, H. Yssel, K. Bacon, and N. Taylor Alternative Antigen Receptor (TCR) Signaling in T Cells Derived from ZAP-70-deficient Patients Expressing High Levels of Syk J. Biol. Chem., May 19, 2000; 275(21): 15832 - 15838. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |