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The Journal of Immunology, Vol 158, Issue 6 2648-2653, Copyright © 1997 by American Association of Immunologists


ARTICLES

Roles of IL-4 and IFN-gamma in stabilizing the T helper cell type 1 and 2 phenotype

T Nakamura, RK Lee, SY Nam, ER Podack, K Bottomly and RA Flavell
Section of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.

It has previously been reported that Th1 CD4 T cell populations can be converted to IL-4 producers, whereas Th2 populations are refractory to IL-12-mediated IFN-gamma production. We have recently shown that CD30 is a marker for the IL-4 response and have therefore used CD30 here to study Th1 and Th2 commitment. We show that Th2 cell populations normally show a stable phenotype and fail to respond to IL-12 because of endogenous IL-4 production. IFN-gamma abrogates this antagonistic effect of IL-4 and permits the conversion of Th2 populations to IFN- gamma producers by IL-12. In the complete absence of IL-4, however, IFN- gamma is not required for this transformation, and Th1 cells generated by IL-12 become committed to the Th1 pathway and lose the ability to respond to IL-4. Thus, the balance between local IL-4 and IFN-gamma in an immune response is a key factor in determining the outcome of the CD4 effector T cell response.


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