| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
The Journal of Immunology, Vol 155, Issue 2 674-683, Copyright © 1995 by American Association of Immunologists
ARTICLES |
A Biragyn and SA Nedospasov
Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, PRI/DynCorp, National Cancer Institute, Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, MD 21702, USA.
Increasing evidence suggests that regulation of transcription at the level of elongation or processivity may be an important mechanism governing expression of eukaryotic genes. In this study we compared LPS- and IFN-gamma-induced transcription of the TNF-alpha gene in two murine macrophage cell lines, ANA1 and Pu5-1.8. Our data from nuclear run-on analysis indicate that in ANA-1 cells TNF-alpha expression is regulated at the transcriptional level, as previously found in primary macrophages. In contrast, in Pu5-1.8 cells the TNF gene is constitutively transcribed. Using several short probes spanning the TNF gene we find that in ANA-1 cells transcription can be initiated before activation, but such transcripts have low processivity and are prematurely terminated or arrested within the gene. Induction with LPS alone or with LPS plus IFN-gamma results both in increased transcription initiation, and in the increased processivity of these transcripts. In Pu 5-1.8 cells neither type of transcriptional regulation of the TNF gene is observed. Our results indicate that the TNF gene is preactivated in ANA-1 cells, and RNA polymerase is allowed to initiate transcription, but due to the low processivity of the transcripts very little mRNA is formed. After LPS stimulation the TNF gene is maximally activated both by increased initiation and by higher processivity of the transcript, and each of these components of activation do not require a new protein synthesis. Our findings are consistent with a recently proposed model that the same transcriptional activators contribute to both initiation and processivity of transcription. In the case of LPS and LPS+IFN-gamma stimulation of macrophages, inducible members of NF-kappa B/Rel family are likely candidate transcriptional activators.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  I. Montanuy, R. Torremocha, C. Hernandez-Munain, and C. Sune Promoter Influences Transcription Elongation: TATA-BOX ELEMENT MEDIATES THE ASSEMBLY OF PROCESSIVE TRANSCRIPTION COMPLEXES RESPONSIVE TO CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE 9 J. Biol. Chem., March 21, 2008; 283(12): 7368 - 7378. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. J. Liepinsh, S. I. Grivennikov, K. D. Klarmann, M. A. Lagarkova, M. S. Drutskaya, S. J. Lockett, L. Tessarollo, M. McAuliffe, J. R. Keller, D. V. Kuprash, et al. Novel Lymphotoxin Alpha (LT{alpha}) Knockout Mice with Unperturbed Tumor Necrosis Factor Expression: Reassessing LT{alpha} Biological Functions. Mol. Cell. Biol., June 1, 2006; 26(11): 4214 - 4225. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L.-T. Tsao, C.-N. Lin, and J.-P. Wang Justicidin A Inhibits the Transport of Tumor Necrosis Factor-{alpha} to Cell Surface in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages Mol. Pharmacol., May 1, 2004; 65(5): 1063 - 1069. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Wei Cui, M.-G. Lei, R. Silverstein, and D. C. Morrison Differential modulation of the induction of inflammatory mediators by antibiotics in mouse macrophages in response to viable Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria Innate Immunity, August 1, 2003; 9(4): 225 - 236. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E.-S. Akool, H. Kleinert, F. M. A. Hamada, M. H. Abdelwahab, U. Forstermann, J. Pfeilschifter, and W. Eberhardt Nitric Oxide Increases the Decay of Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 mRNA by Inhibiting the Expression of mRNA-Stabilizing Factor HuR Mol. Cell. Biol., July 15, 2003; 23(14): 4901 - 4916. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. A. Wolfert, T. F. Murray, G.-J. Boons, and J. N. Moore The Origin of the Synergistic Effect of Muramyl Dipeptide with Endotoxin and Peptidoglycan J. Biol. Chem., October 11, 2002; 277(42): 39179 - 39186. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. S. Singh, J.-R. He, S. Calderwood, and J. D. Hasday A High Affinity HSF-1 Binding Site in the 5'-Untranslated Region of the Murine Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Gene Is a Transcriptional Repressor J. Biol. Chem., February 8, 2002; 277(7): 4981 - 4988. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. R. Himes, H. Tagoh, N. Goonetilleke, T. Sasmono, D. Oceandy, R. Clark, C. Bonifer, and D. A. Hume A highly conserved c-fms gene intronic element controls macrophage-specific and regulated expression J. Leukoc. Biol., November 1, 2001; 70(5): 812 - 820. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Lauder, A. Castellanos, and K. Weston c-myb Transcription Is Activated by Protein Kinase B (PKB) following Interleukin 2 Stimulation of T Cells and Is Required for PKB-Mediated Protection from Apoptosis Mol. Cell. Biol., September 1, 2001; 21(17): 5797 - 5805. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. J. Gao, Q. Xue, C. J. Papasian, and D. C. Morrison Bacterial DNA and Lipopolysaccharide Induce Synergistic Production of TNF-{{alpha}} Through a Post-Transcriptional Mechanism J. Immunol., June 1, 2001; 166(11): 6855 - 6860. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Y. Lee and K. E. Sullivan Gamma Interferon and Lipopolysaccharide Interact at the Level of Transcription To Induce Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Expression Infect. Immun., May 1, 2001; 69(5): 2847 - 2852. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Di Marco, Z. Hel, C. Lachance, H. Furneaux, and D. Radzioch Polymorphism in the 3'-untranslated region of TNF{{alpha}} mRNA impairs binding of the post-transcriptional regulatory protein HuR to TNF{{alpha}} mRNA Nucleic Acids Res., February 15, 2001; 29(4): 863 - 871. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Anderson Post-transcriptional regulation of tumour necrosis factor alpha production Ann Rheum Dis, November 1, 2000; 59(90001): i3 - 5. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. S. Singh, R. M. Viscardi, I. Kalvakolanu, S. Calderwood, and J. D. Hasday Inhibition of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Transcription in Macrophages Exposed to Febrile Range Temperature. A POSSIBLE ROLE FOR HEAT SHOCK FACTOR-1 AS A NEGATIVE TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATOR J. Biol. Chem., March 24, 2000; 275(13): 9841 - 9848. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. V. Kuprash, I. A. Udalova, R. L. Turetskaya, D. Kwiatkowski, N. R. Rice, and S. A. Nedospasov Similarities and Differences Between Human and Murine TNF Promoters in Their Response to Lipopolysaccharide J. Immunol., April 1, 1999; 162(7): 4045 - 4052. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. R. Amura, T. Kamei, N. Ito, M. J. Soares, and D. C. Morrison Differential Regulation of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Activation Pathways in Mouse Macrophages by LPS-Binding Proteins J. Immunol., September 1, 1998; 161(5): 2552 - 2560. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. K. Crawford, J. E. Ensor, I. Kalvakolanu, and J. D. Hasday The Role of 3' Poly(A) Tail Metabolism in Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Regulation J. Biol. Chem., August 22, 1997; 272(34): 21120 - 21127. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Ryser, S. Tortola, G. van Haasteren, M. Muda, S. Li, and W. Schlegel MAP Kinase Phosphatase-1 Gene Transcription in Rat Neuroendocrine Cells Is Modulated by a Calcium-sensitive Block to Elongation in the First Exon J. Biol. Chem., August 31, 2001; 276(36): 33319 - 33327. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
