The JI PBL Intereron Source
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     
 

This Article
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Piccinni, M. P.
Right arrow Articles by Livi, C.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Piccinni, M. P.
Right arrow Articles by Livi, C.

The Journal of Immunology, Vol 155, Issue 1 128-133, Copyright © 1995 by American Association of Immunologists

ARTICLES

Progesterone favors the development of human T helper cells producing Th2-type cytokines and promotes both IL-4 production and membrane CD30 expression in established Th1 cell clones

MP Piccinni, MG Giudizi, R Biagiotti, L Beloni, L Giannarini, S Sampognaro, P Parronchi, R Manetti, F Annunziato and C Livi
Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Florence, Italy.

The effect of progesterone (P) on the cytokine production profile of Ag- specific human CD4+ T cell lines and clones was investigated. T cell lines specific for purified protein derivative or streptokinase (SK) derived in the presence of P exhibited significant increased ability to produce IL-5 in comparison with T cell lines derived in the absence of P. Moreover, IL-4 was significantly increased in SK-specific T cell lines derived in the presence of P in comparison with SK-specific T cell lines derived in the absence of this hormone. In addition, SK- specific T cell lines generated in the presence of P developed into T cell clones showing a Th0-, instead of Th1-like, cytokine profile. Furthermore, SK-specific T cell clones with an established Th1 profile of cytokine secretion did express mRNA for, and produced detectable amounts of, IL-4 when stimulated with P in combination with insoluble anti-CD3 mAb. Combined stimulation with P and insoluble anti-CD3 mAb also enabled Th1 clones to express CD30 on their surface membrane. These results indicate that P can favor the development of Th cells producing Th2-type cytokines and is an inducer of both transient IL-4 production and CD30 expression in established Th1 cells. Thus, P production at the placental level may be responsible, at least in part, for increased production of Th2-type cytokines which have been implied in fetal allograft survival and maintenance of successful pregnancy.


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
I. J. Elenkov, R. Kvetnansky, A. Hashiramoto, V. K. Bakalov, A. A. Link, K. Zachman, M. Crane, D. Jezova, J. Rovensky, M. A. Dimitrov, et al.
Low- versus High-Baseline Epinephrine Output Shapes Opposite Innate Cytokine Profiles: Presence of Lewis- and Fischer-Like Neurohormonal Immune Phenotypes in Humans?
J. Immunol., August 1, 2008; 181(3): 1737 - 1745.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Int ImmunolHome page
H. Amsalem, A. Gaiger, S. Mizrahi, S. Yagel, and J. Rachmilewitz
Characterization of a lymphocyte subset displaying a unique regulatory activity in human decidua
Int. Immunol., July 14, 2008; (2008) dxn072v1.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Int ImmunolHome page
Y. Uemura, M. Suzuki, T.-Y. Liu, Y. Narita, S. Hirata, H. Ohyama, O. Ishihara, and S. Matsushita
Role of human non-invariant NKT lymphocytes in the maintenance of type 2 T helper environment during pregnancy
Int. Immunol., March 1, 2008; 20(3): 405 - 412.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J EndocrinolHome page
C Dosiou, A E Hamilton, Y Pang, M T Overgaard, S Tulac, J Dong, P Thomas, and L C Giudice
Expression of membrane progesterone receptors on human T lymphocytes and Jurkat cells and activation of G-proteins by progesterone
J. Endocrinol., January 1, 2008; 196(1): 67 - 77.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Hum Reprod UpdateHome page
J. Szekeres-Bartho and J. Balasch
Progestagen therapy for recurrent miscarriage
Hum. Reprod. Update, January 1, 2008; 14(1): 27 - 35.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Hum ReprodHome page
O. Blanco, I. Tirado, R. Munoz-Fernandez, A. C. Abadia-Molina, J. M. Garcia-Pacheco, J. Pena, and E. G. Olivares
Human decidual stromal cells express HLA-G Effects of cytokines and decidualization
Hum. Reprod., January 1, 2008; 23(1): 144 - 152.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Hum ReprodHome page
D. Caccavo, N.M. Pellegrino, F. Lorusso, M. Capotorto, M. Vacca, A. Vimercati, and R. Depalo
Anticardiolipin antibody levels in women undergoing first in vitro fertilization/embryo transfer
Hum. Reprod., September 1, 2007; 22(9): 2494 - 2500.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol.Home page
A. P. L. de Oliveira, H. V. Domingos, G. Cavriani, A. S. Damazo, A. L. dos Santos Franco, S. M. Oliani, R. M. Oliveira-Filho, B. B. Vargaftig, and W. T. de Lima
Cellular recruitment and cytokine generation in a rat model of allergic lung inflammation are differentially modulated by progesterone and estradiol
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, September 1, 2007; 293(3): C1120 - C1128.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Endocr. Rev.Home page
R. H. Straub
The Complex Role of Estrogens in Inflammation
Endocr. Rev., August 1, 2007; 28(5): 521 - 574.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
F. J. Martinez, J. L. Curtis, F. Sciurba, J. Mumford, N. D. Giardino, G. Weinmann, E. Kazerooni, S. Murray, G. J. Criner, D. D. Sin, et al.
Sex Differences in Severe Pulmonary Emphysema
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., August 1, 2007; 176(3): 243 - 252.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J ANIM SCIHome page
M. E. Corrigan, J. S. Drouillard, M. F. Spire, D. A. Mosier, J. E. Minton, J. J. Higgins, E. R. Loe, B. E. Depenbusch, and J. T. Fox
Effects of melengestrol acetate on the inflammatory response in heifers challenged with Mannheimia haemolytica
J Anim Sci, July 1, 2007; 85(7): 1770 - 1779.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Hum ReprodHome page
S.-m. Yie, R. Xiao, and C. L. Librach
Progesterone regulates HLA-G gene expression through a novel progesterone response element
Hum. Reprod., October 1, 2006; 21(10): 2538 - 2544.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci.Home page
A. DORIA, L. IACCARINO, P. SARZI-PUTTINI, A. GHIRARDELLO, S. ZAMPIERI, S. ARIENTI, M. CUTOLO, and S. TODESCO
Estrogens in Pregnancy and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., June 1, 2006; 1069(1): 247 - 256.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci.Home page
M. OSTENSEN, F. FORGER, and P. M. VILLIGER
Cytokines and Pregnancy in Rheumatic Disease
Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., June 1, 2006; 1069(1): 353 - 363.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Hum ReprodHome page
S.-m. Yie, L.-h. Li, G.-m. Li, R. Xiao, and C. L. Librach
Progesterone enhances HLA-G gene expression in JEG-3 choriocarcinoma cells and human cytotrophoblasts in vitro
Hum. Reprod., January 1, 2006; 21(1): 46 - 51.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ERRHome page
P. G. Holt
Developmental factors as determinants of risk for infections and atopy in childhood
Eur. Respir. Rev., December 1, 2005; 14(95): 69 - 73.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Infect. Immun.Home page
S. Pal, E. M. Peterson, and L. M. de la Maza
Vaccination with the Chlamydia trachomatis Major Outer Membrane Protein Can Elicit an Immune Response as Protective as That Resulting from Inoculation with Live Bacteria
Infect. Immun., December 1, 2005; 73(12): 8153 - 8160.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
M. Kimatrai, O. Blanco, R. Munoz-Fernandez, I. Tirado, F. Martin, A. C. Abadia-Molina, and E. G. Olivares
Contractile Activity of Human Decidual Stromal Cells. II. Effect of Interleukin-10
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., November 1, 2005; 90(11): 6126 - 6130.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Infect. Immun.Home page
E. M. Barber, M. Fazzari, and J. W. Pollard
Th1 Cytokines Are Essential for Placental Immunity to Listeria monocytogenes
Infect. Immun., October 1, 2005; 73(10): 6322 - 6331.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Leukoc. Biol.Home page
M. M. Faas, A. Bouman, A. L. Veenstra van Nieuwenhoven, G. van der Schaaf, H. Moes, M. J. Heineman, and P. de Vos
Species differences in the effect of pregnancy on lymphocyte cytokine production between human and rat
J. Leukoc. Biol., October 1, 2005; 78(4): 946 - 953.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Hum Reprod UpdateHome page
A. Bouman, M. J. Heineman, and M. M. Faas
Sex hormones and the immune response in humans
Hum. Reprod. Update, July 1, 2005; 11(4): 411 - 423.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
H. H. van den Broek, J. G. Damoiseaux, M. H De Baets, and R. M. Hupperts
The influence of sex hormones on cytokines in multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis: a review
Multiple Sclerosis, June 1, 2005; 11(3): 349 - 359.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 Ann Rheum DisHome page
R H Straub, F Buttgereit, and M Cutolo
Benefit of pregnancy in inflammatory arthritis
Ann Rheum Dis, June 1, 2005; 64(6): 801 - 803.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Ann Rheum DisHome page
M Ostensen, F Forger, J L Nelson, A Schuhmacher, G Hebisch, and P M Villiger
Pregnancy in patients with rheumatic disease: anti-inflammatory cytokines increase in pregnancy and decrease post partum
Ann Rheum Dis, June 1, 2005; 64(6): 839 - 844.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cardiovasc ResHome page
G. Ertl and S. Frantz
Healing after myocardial infarction
Cardiovasc Res, April 1, 2005; 66(1): 22 - 32.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Nephrol Dial TransplantHome page
B. Antus, S. Liu, Y. Yao, H. Zou, E. Song, J. Lutz, and U. Heemann
Effects of progesterone and selective oestrogen receptor modulators on chronic allograft nephropathy in rats
Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., February 1, 2005; 20(2): 329 - 335.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Endocr. Rev.Home page
C. Dosiou and L. C. Giudice
Natural Killer Cells in Pregnancy and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: Endocrine and Immunologic Perspectives
Endocr. Rev., February 1, 2005; 26(1): 44 - 62.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
S. Banerjee, A. Smallwood, J. Moorhead, A. E. Chambers, A. Papageorghiou, S. Campbell, and K. Nicolaides
Placental Expression of Interferon-{gamma} (IFN-{gamma}) and Its Receptor IFN-{gamma}R2 Fail to Switch from Early Hypoxic to Late Normotensive Development in Preeclampsia
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 2005; 90(2): 944 - 952.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
S. M. Blois, R. Joachim, J. Kandil, R. Margni, M. Tometten, B. F. Klapp, and P. C. Arck
Depletion of CD8+ Cells Abolishes the Pregnancy Protective Effect of Progesterone Substitution with Dydrogesterone in Mice by Altering the Th1/Th2 Cytokine Profile
J. Immunol., May 15, 2004; 172(10): 5893 - 5899.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Res.Home page
C.-C. Su, H.-H. Chiu, C.-C. Chang, J.-C. Chen, and S.-M. Hsu
CD30 Is Involved in Inhibition of T-Cell Proliferation by Hodgkin's Reed-Sternberg Cells1
Cancer Res., March 15, 2004; 64(6): 2148 - 2152.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Hum ReprodHome page
R. Nahum, O. Brenner, M.A. Zahalka, L. Traub, F. Quintana, and C. Moroz
Blocking of the placental immune-modulatory ferritin activates Th1 type cytokines and affects placenta development, fetal growth and the pregnancy outcome
Hum. Reprod., March 1, 2004; 19(3): 715 - 722.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
M. Maccarrone, M. Bari, M. Di Rienzo, A. Finazzi-Agro, and A. Rossi
Progesterone Activates Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase (FAAH) Promoter in Human T Lymphocytes through the Transcription Factor Ikaros: EVIDENCE FOR A SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF LEPTIN
J. Biol. Chem., August 29, 2003; 278(35): 32726 - 32732.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J DAIRY SCIHome page
M. Lessard, N. Gagnon, and H. V. Petit
Immune Response of Postpartum Dairy Cows Fed Flaxseed
J Dairy Sci, August 1, 2003; 86(8): 2647 - 2657.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch. Dis. Child.Home page
M Osman
Therapeutic implications of sex differences in asthma and atopy
Arch. Dis. Child., July 1, 2003; 88(7): 587 - 590.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Biol. Reprod.Home page
A. N. Sferruzzi-Perri, S. A. Robertson, and L. A. Dent
Interleukin-5 Transgene Expression and Eosinophilia Are Associated with Retarded Mammary Gland Development in Mice
Biol Reprod, July 1, 2003; 69(1): 224 - 233.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Biol. Reprod.Home page
V. D. Dixit, H. Yang, V. Udhayakumar, and R. Sridaran
Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Alters the T Helper Cytokine Balance in the Pregnant Rat
Biol Reprod, June 1, 2003; 68(6): 2215 - 2221.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
M. Maccarrone, M. Di Rienzo, A. Finazzi-Agro, and A. Rossi
Leptin Activates the Anandamide Hydrolase Promoter in Human T Lymphocytes through STAT3
J. Biol. Chem., April 4, 2003; 278(15): 13318 - 13324.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
M. Kimatrai, C. Oliver, A. C. Abadia-Molina, J. M. Garcia-Pacheco, and E. G. Olivares
Contractile Activity of Human Decidual Stromal Cells
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 2003; 88(2): 844 - 849.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
P. Vigano, E. Somigliana, S. Mangioni, M. Vignali, M. Vignali, and A. M. Di Blasio
Expression of Interleukin-10 and Its Receptor Is Up-Regulated in Early Pregnant Versus Cycling Human Endometrium
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., December 1, 2002; 87(12): 5730 - 5736.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
N. Levin and D. Karussis
Influence of progesterone and clomiphene on Tolosa-Hunt syndrome
Neurology, November 26, 2002; 59(10): 1661 - 1662.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Biol. Reprod.Home page
E. G. Olivares, R. Munoz, G. Tejerizo, M. J. Montes, F. Gomez-Molina, and A. C. Abadia-Molina
Decidual Lymphocytes of Human Spontaneous Abortions Induce Apoptosis but Not Necrosis in JEG-3 Extravillous Trophoblast Cells
Biol Reprod, October 1, 2002; 67(4): 1211 - 1217.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
A. Langer-Gould, H. Garren, A. Slansky, P. J. Ruiz, and L. Steinman
Late Pregnancy Suppresses Relapses in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis: Evidence for a Suppressive Pregancy-Related Serum Factor
J. Immunol., July 15, 2002; 169(2): 1084 - 1091.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Hum ReprodHome page
M.'a. Makhseed and R. Rajhupathy
Th1 and Th2 cytokine profiles in recurrent aborters may merely reflect the progesterone status
Hum. Reprod., June 1, 2002; 17(6): 1669 - 1670.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
G. P. White, P. M. Watt, B. J. Holt, and P. G. Holt
Differential Patterns of Methylation of the IFN-{gamma} Promoter at CpG and Non-CpG Sites Underlie Differences in IFN-{gamma} Gene Expression Between Human Neonatal and Adult CD45RO- T Cells
J. Immunol., March 15, 2002; 168(6): 2820 - 2827.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Infect. Immun.Home page
H. K. Maxion and K. A. Kelly
Chemokine Expression Patterns Differ within Anatomically Distinct Regions of the Genital Tract during Chlamydia trachomatis Infection
Infect. Immun., March 1, 2002; 70(3): 1538 - 1546.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Epidemiol. Community HealthHome page
W Karmaus and C Botezan
Does a higher number of siblings protect against the development of allergy and asthma? A review
J. Epidemiol. Community Health, March 1, 2002; 56(3): 209 - 217.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mol Hum ReprodHome page
T. Michimata, H. Tsuda, M. Sakai, M. Fujimura, K. Nagata, M. Nakamura, and S. Saito
Accumulation of CRTH2-positive T-helper 2 and T-cytotoxic 2 cells at implantation sites of human decidua in a prostaglandin D2-mediated manner
Mol. Hum. Reprod., February 1, 2002; 8(2): 181 - 187.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mol Hum ReprodHome page
M. Maccarrone, T. Bisogno, H. Valensise, N. Lazzarin, F. Fezza, C. Manna, V. Di Marzo, and A. Finazzi-Agro
Low fatty acid amide hydrolase and high anandamide levels are associated with failure to achieve an ongoing pregnancy after IVF and embryo transfer
Mol. Hum. Reprod., February 1, 2002; 8(2): 188 - 195.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
H. Miyaura and M. Iwata
Direct and Indirect Inhibition of Th1 Development by Progesterone and Glucocorticoids
J. Immunol., February 1, 2002; 168(3): 1087 - 1094.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
T. P. Staeva-Vieira and L. P. Freedman
1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Inhibits IFN-{gamma} and IL-4 Levels During In Vitro Polarization of Primary Murine CD4+ T Cells
J. Immunol., February 1, 2002; 168(3): 1181 - 1189.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Endocr. Rev.Home page
A. F. Muller, H. A. Drexhage, and A. Berghout
Postpartum Thyroiditis and Autoimmune Thyroiditis in Women of Childbearing Age: Recent Insights and Consequences for Antenatal and Postnatal Care
Endocr. Rev., October 1, 2001; 22(5): 605 - 630.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Infect. Immun.Home page
S. Pal, I. Theodor, E. M. Peterson, and L. M. de la Maza
Immunization with the Chlamydia trachomatis Mouse Pneumonitis Major Outer Membrane Protein Can Elicit a Protective Immune Response against a Genital Challenge
Infect. Immun., October 1, 2001; 69(10): 6240 - 6247.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
I. J. Elenkov, R. L. Wilder, V. K. Bakalov, A. A. Link, M. A. Dimitrov, S. Fisher, M. Crane, K. S. Kanik, and G. P. Chrousos
IL-12, TNF-{alpha}, and Hormonal Changes during Late Pregnancy and Early Postpartum: Implications for Autoimmune Disease Activity during These Times
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., October 1, 2001; 86(10): 4933 - 4938.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Infect. Immun.Home page
S. Pal, E. M. Peterson, and L. M. de la Maza
Susceptibility of Mice to Vaginal Infection with Chlamydia trachomatis Mouse Pneumonitis Is Dependent on the Age of the Animal
Infect. Immun., August 1, 2001; 69(8): 5203 - 5206.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Clin. Microbiol. Rev.Home page
C. W. Roberts, W. Walker, and J. Alexander
Sex-Associated Hormones and Immunity to Protozoan Parasites
Clin. Microbiol. Rev., July 1, 2001; 14(3): 476 - 488.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
A. Ito, B. F. Bebo Jr., A. Matejuk, A. Zamora, M. Silverman, A. Fyfe-Johnson, and H. Offner
Estrogen Treatment Down-Regulates TNF-{{alpha}} Production and Reduces the Severity of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Cytokine Knockout Mice
J. Immunol., July 1, 2001; 167(1): 542 - 552.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
M. Maccarrone, H. Valensise, M. Bari, N. Lazzarin, C. Romanini, and A. Finazzi-Agro
Progesterone Up-Regulates Anandamide Hydrolase in Human Lymphocytes: Role of Cytokines and Implications for Fertility
J. Immunol., June 15, 2001; 166(12): 7183 - 7189.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
M. H. Moro, J. Bjornsson, E. V. Marietta, E. K. Hofmeister, J. J. Germer, E. Bruinsma, C. S. David, and D. H. Persing
Gestational Attenuation of Lyme Arthritis Is Mediated by Progesterone and IL-4
J. Immunol., June 15, 2001; 166(12): 7404 - 7409.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Leukoc. Biol.Home page
M. I. Garcia-Lloret, B. Winkler-Lowen, and L. J. Guilbert
Monocytes adhering by LFA-1 to placental syncytiotrophoblasts induce local apoptosis via release of TNF-{alpha}. A model for hematogenous initiation of placental inflammations
J. Leukoc. Biol., December 1, 2000; 68(6): 903 - 908.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 Am. J. Pathol.Home page
H. Behbahani, E. Popek, P. Garcia, J. Andersson, A.-L. Spetz, A. Landay, Z. Flener, and B. K. Patterson
Up-Regulation of CCR5 Expression in the Placenta Is Associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Vertical Transmission
Am. J. Pathol., December 1, 2000; 157(6): 1811 - 1818.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
M. L. KAPSENBERG, C. M. U. HILKENS, T. C. M. T. van der POUW KRAAN, E. A. WIERENGA, and P. KALINSKI
Atopic Allergy: A Failure of