|
|
||||||||
The Journal of Immunology, Vol 150, Issue 8 3448-3458, Copyright © 1993 by American Association of Immunologists
ARTICLES |
HE Broxmeyer, B Sherry, S Cooper, L Lu, R Maze, MP Beckmann, A Cerami and P Ralph
Department of Medicine (Hematology/Oncology), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis 46202.
Macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1 alpha, part of a family termed chemokines, has been implicated in suppression of hemopoietic stem and progenitor cell proliferation. The chemokine family has been organized into two subgroups with MIP-1 alpha, MIP-1 beta, macrophage chemotactic and activating factor (MCAF) and RANTES belonging to one subgroup, and GRO-alpha, MIP-2 alpha (GRO-beta), MIP-2 beta (GRO-gamma), platelet factor 4 (PF4), IL-8, and neutrophil activating peptide (NAP)-2 belonging to the other. These molecules were evaluated for effects on colony formation by human bone marrow multipotential (CFU-GEMM), erythroid (BFU-E) and granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM) progenitor cells. None of the chemokines stimulated colony formation in the absence of CSF, or influenced colony formation stimulated by a single growth factor such as granulocyte-macrophage-CSF or erythropoietin. However, MIP-1 alpha, MIP-2 alpha, PF4, IL-8, and MCAF suppressed in dose- response fashion colony formation of immature subsets of myeloid progenitor cells stimulated by GM-CSF plus steel factor. Effects were apparent on low density and CD34 HLA-DR(+)-sorted marrow cells in which up to 88.4% of the cells were composed of progenitor cells, suggesting direct effects on the progenitors themselves. Up to 2500-fold less of each chemokine could be used to demonstrate synergistic suppression when any two of these five chemokines were used together at low concentrations, effects also apparently directly on the progenitors. In contrast, MIP-1 beta, MIP-2 beta, GRO-alpha, NAP-2, and RANTES were not suppressive nor did they synergize with MIP-1 alpha, MIP-2 alpha, PF4, IL-8, or MCAF to suppress. However, a fivefold excess of MIP-1 beta blocked the suppressive effects of MIP-1 alpha. Similarly, a fivefold excess of either MIP-2 beta or GRO-alpha blocked the suppressive effects of IL-8 and PF4. These suppressing, synergizing and blocking effects may be of relevance to blood cell regulation.
This article has been cited by other articles:
![]() |
K. Shimizu and R. N. Mitchell The Role of Chemokines in Transplant Graft Arterial Disease Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., November 1, 2008; 28(11): 1937 - 1949. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
I. V. Nesmelova, Y. Sham, J. Gao, and K. H. Mayo CXC and CC Chemokines Form Mixed Heterodimers: ASSOCIATION FREE ENERGIES FROM MOLECULAR DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS AND EXPERIMENTAL CORRELATIONS J. Biol. Chem., August 29, 2008; 283(35): 24155 - 24166. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. P. Lambert, L. Rauova, M. Bailey, M. C. Sola-Visner, M. A. Kowalska, and M. Poncz Platelet factor 4 is a negative autocrine in vivo regulator of megakaryopoiesis: clinical and therapeutic implications Blood, August 15, 2007; 110(4): 1153 - 1160. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
L. Lasagni, R. Grepin, B. Mazzinghi, E. Lazzeri, C. Meini, C. Sagrinati, F. Liotta, F. Frosali, E. Ronconi, N. Alain-Courtois, et al. PF-4/CXCL4 and CXCL4L1 exhibit distinct subcellular localization and a differentially regulated mechanism of secretion Blood, May 15, 2007; 109(10): 4127 - 4134. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
P. von Hundelshausen and C. Weber Platelets as Immune Cells: Bridging Inflammation and Cardiovascular Disease Circ. Res., January 5, 2007; 100(1): 27 - 40. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M J Bugeja, D R Booth, B H Bennetts, R N. Heard, and G J Stewart An investigation of polymorphisms in the 4q13.3-21.1 CXC chemokine gene cluster for association with multiple sclerosis in Australians Multiple Sclerosis, November 1, 2006; 12(6): 710 - 722. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
H. E. Broxmeyer, T. Starnes, H. Ramsey, S. Cooper, R. Dahl, E. Williamson, and R. Hromas The IL-17 cytokine family members are inhibitors of human hematopoietic progenitor proliferation. Blood, July 15, 2006; 108(2): 770 - 770. [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
K. Ohuchida, K. Mizumoto, N. Ishikawa, K. Fujii, H. Konomi, E. Nagai, K. Yamaguchi, M. Tsuneyoshi, and M. Tanaka The Role of S100A6 in Pancreatic Cancer Development and Its Clinical Implication as a Diagnostic Marker and Therapeutic Target Clin. Cancer Res., November 1, 2005; 11(21): 7785 - 7793. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
C. Y. Cheung, L. L. M. Poon, I. H. Y. Ng, W. Luk, S.-F. Sia, M. H. S. Wu, K.-H. Chan, K.-Y. Yuen, S. Gordon, Y. Guan, et al. Cytokine Responses in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-Infected Macrophages In Vitro: Possible Relevance to Pathogenesis J. Virol., June 15, 2005; 79(12): 7819 - 7826. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
H. Thiebot, B. Vaslin, S. Derdouch, J.-M. Bertho, F. Mouthon, S. Prost, G. Gras, P. Ducouret, D. Dormont, and R. Le Grand Impact of bone marrow hematopoiesis failure on T-cell generation during pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus infection in macaques Blood, March 15, 2005; 105(6): 2403 - 2409. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
C. Y. Liu, M. Battaglia, S. H. Lee, Q.-H. Sun, R. H. Aster, and G. P. Visentin Platelet Factor 4 Differentially Modulates CD4+CD25+ (Regulatory) versus CD4+CD25- (Nonregulatory) T Cells J. Immunol., March 1, 2005; 174(5): 2680 - 2686. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
I. V. Nesmelova, Y. Sham, A. Z. Dudek, L. I. van Eijk, G. Wu, A. Slungaard, F. Mortari, A. W. Griffioen, and K. H. Mayo Platelet Factor 4 and Interleukin-8 CXC Chemokine Heterodimer Formation Modulates Function at the Quaternary Structural Level J. Biol. Chem., February 11, 2005; 280(6): 4948 - 4958. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. Elhofy, J. Wang, M. Tani, B. T. Fife, K. J. Kennedy, J. Bennett, D. Huang, R. M. Ransohoff, and W. J. Karpus Transgenic expression of CCL2 in the central nervous system prevents experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis J. Leukoc. Biol., February 1, 2005; 77(2): 229 - 237. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
P. von Hundelshausen, R. R. Koenen, M. Sack, S. F. Mause, W. Adriaens, A. E. I. Proudfoot, T. M. Hackeng, and C. Weber Heterophilic interactions of platelet factor 4 and RANTES promote monocyte arrest on endothelium Blood, February 1, 2005; 105(3): 924 - 930. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Emadi, D. Clay, C. Desterke, B. Guerton, E. Maquarre, A. Charpentier, C. Jasmin, M.-C. Le Bousse-Kerdiles, and for the French INSERM Research Network on MMM IL-8 and its CXCR1 and CXCR2 receptors participate in the control of megakaryocytic proliferation, differentiation, and ploidy in myeloid metaplasia with myelofibrosis Blood, January 15, 2005; 105(2): 464 - 473. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
O. Umland, H. Heine, M. Miehe, K. Marienfeld, K. H. Staubach, and A. J. Ulmer Induction of various immune modulatory molecules in CD34+ hematopoietic cells J. Leukoc. Biol., April 1, 2004; 75(4): 671 - 679. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Chaisavaneeyakorn, J. M. Moore, L. Mirel, C. Othoro, J. Otieno, S. C. Chaiyaroj, Y. P. Shi, B. L. Nahlen, A. A. Lal, and V. Udhayakumar Levels of Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 1{alpha} (MIP-1{alpha}) and MIP-1{beta} in Intervillous Blood Plasma Samples from Women with Placental Malaria and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Clin. Vaccine Immunol., July 1, 2003; 10(4): 631 - 636. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. Slungaard, J. A. Fernandez, J. H. Griffin, N. S. Key, J. R. Long, D. J. Piegors, and S. R. Lentz Platelet factor 4 enhances generation of activated protein C in vitro and in vivo Blood, July 1, 2003; 102(1): 146 - 151. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. Z. Dudek, I. Nesmelova, K. Mayo, C. M. Verfaillie, S. Pitchford, and A. Slungaard Platelet factor 4 promotes adhesion of hematopoietic progenitor cells and binds IL-8: novel mechanisms for modulation of hematopoiesis Blood, June 15, 2003; 101(12): 4687 - 4694. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
K. W. Christopherson II, A. F. Hood, J. B. Travers, H. Ramsey, and R. A. Hromas Endothelial induction of the T-cell chemokine CCL21 in T-cell autoimmune diseases Blood, February 1, 2003; 101(3): 801 - 806. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
E. Geimonen, S. Neff, T. Raymond, S. S. Kocer, I. N. Gavrilovskaya, and E. R. Mackow Pathogenic and nonpathogenic hantaviruses differentially regulate endothelial cell responses PNAS, October 15, 2002; 99(21): 13837 - 13842. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
T. Starnes, H. E. Broxmeyer, M. J. Robertson, and R. Hromas Cutting Edge: IL-17D, a Novel Member of the IL-17 Family, Stimulates Cytokine Production and Inhibits Hemopoiesis J. Immunol., July 15, 2002; 169(2): 642 - 646. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
R. D. Blumenthal, A. Reising, E. Leon, and D. M. Goldenberg Modulation of Marrow Proliferation and Chemosensitivity by Tumor-produced Cytokines from Syngeneic Pancreatic Tumor Lines Clin. Cancer Res., May 1, 2002; 8(5): 1301 - 1309. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. Cashman, I. Clark-Lewis, A. Eaves, and C. Eaves Stromal-derived factor 1 inhibits the cycling of very primitive human hematopoietic cells in vitro and in NOD/SCID mice Blood, February 1, 2002; 99(3): 792 - 799. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
H. Thiebot, F. Louache, B. Vaslin, T. de Revel, O. Neildez, J. Larghero, W. Vainchenker, D. Dormont, and R. Le Grand Early and Persistent Bone Marrow Hematopoiesis Defect in Simian/Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Macaques despite Efficient Reduction of Viremia by Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy during Primary Infection J. Virol., December 1, 2001; 75(23): 11594 - 11602. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
D. M. Lindell, T. J. Standiford, P. Mancuso, Z. J. Leshen, and G. B. Huffnagle Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 1{alpha}/CCL3 Is Required for Clearance of an Acute Klebsiella pneumoniae Pulmonary Infection Infect. Immun., October 1, 2001; 69(10): 6364 - 6369. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
E. A. de Wynter, C. M. Heyworth, N. Mukaida, E. Jaworska, A. Weffort-Santos, K. Matushima, and N. G. Testa CCR1 chemokine receptor expression isolates erythroid from granulocyte-macrophage progenitors J. Leukoc. Biol., September 1, 2001; 70(3): 455 - 460. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. Yang, H. Sang, A. Rahman, D. Wu, A. B. Malik, and R. D. Ye G{{alpha}}16 Couples Chemoattractant Receptors to NF-{{kappa}}B Activation J. Immunol., June 1, 2001; 166(11): 6885 - 6892. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Struyf, P. Proost, J.-P. Lenaerts, G. Stoops, A. Wuyts, and J. Van Damme Identification of a blood-derived chemoattractant for neutrophils and lymphocytes as a novel CC chemokine, Regakine-1 Blood, April 15, 2001; 97(8): 2197 - 2204. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
G. N. Schwartz, U. Kammula, M. K. Warren, M. K. Park, X.-Y. Yan, F. M. Marincola, and R. E. Gress Thrombopoietin and Chemokine mRNA Expression in Patient Post-Chemotherapy and In Vitro Cytokine-Treated Marrow Stromal Cell Layers Stem Cells, September 1, 2000; 18(5): 331 - 342. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
A. G. King, K. Johanson, C. L. Frey, P. L. DeMarsh, J. R. White, P. McDevitt, D. McNulty, J. Balcarek, Z. L. Jonak, P. K. Bhatnagar, et al. Identification of Unique Truncated KC/GRO{beta} Chemokines with Potent Hematopoietic and Anti-Infective Activities J. Immunol., April 1, 2000; 164(7): 3774 - 3782. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. Majka, J. Ratajczak, B. Lee, M. Honczarenko, R. Douglas, M. A. Kowalska, L. Silberstein, A. M. Gewirtz, and M. Z. Ratajczak The Role of HIV-Related Chemokine Receptors and Chemokines in Human Erythropoiesis in Vitro Stem Cells, March 1, 2000; 18(2): 128 - 138. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
G. Franchin, G. Zybarth, W. W. Dai, L. Dubrovsky, N. Reiling, H. Schmidtmayerova, M. Bukrinsky, and B. Sherry Lipopolysaccharide Inhibits HIV-1 Infection of Monocyte- Derived Macrophages Through Direct and Sustained Down-Regulation of CC Chemokine Receptor 5 J. Immunol., March 1, 2000; 164(5): 2592 - 2601. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. SEGERER, P. J. NELSON, and D. SCHLÖNDORFF Chemokines, Chemokine Receptors, and Renal Disease: From Basic ScienceTo Pathophysiologic and Therapeutic Studies J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., January 1, 2000; 11(1): 152 - 176. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
P. Gupta, T. R. Oegema Jr, J. J. Brazil, A. Z. Dudek, A. Slungaard, and C. M. Verfaillie Human LTC-IC can be maintained for at least 5 weeks in vitro when interleukin-3 and a single chemokine are combined with O-sulfated heparan sulfates: requirement for optimal binding interactions of heparan sulfate with early-acting cytokines and matrix proteins Blood, January 1, 2000; 95(1): 147 - 155. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
H. E. Broxmeyer, S. Cooper, G. Hangoc, J.-L. Gao, and P. M. Murphy Dominant Myelopoietic Effector Functions Mediated by Chemokine Receptor CCR1 J. Exp. Med., June 21, 1999; 189(12): 1987 - 1992. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. E. Nicholls, G. Lucas, G. J. Graham, N. H. Russell, R. Mottram, A. D. Whetton, and A.-M. Buckle Macrophage-Inflammatory Protein-1{alpha} Receptor Expression on Normal and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia CD34+ Cells J. Immunol., May 15, 1999; 162(10): 6191 - 6199. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. Dürig, N. G. Testa, and C. M. Heyworth Distinct Biological Effects of Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1{alpha} and Stroma-Derived Factor-1{alpha} on CD34+ Hemopoietic Cells Stem Cells, March 1, 1999; 17(2): 62 - 71. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
S. Reid, A. Ritchie, L. Boring, J. Gosling, S. Cooper, G. Hangoc, I. F. Charo, and H. E. Broxmeyer Enhanced Myeloid Progenitor Cell Cycling and Apoptosis in Mice Lacking the Chemokine Receptor, CCR2 Blood, March 1, 1999; 93(5): 1524 - 1533. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
G. Gentilini, N. E. Kirschbaum, J. A. Augustine, R. H. Aster, and G. P. Visentin Inhibition of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell Proliferation by the CXC Chemokine, Platelet Factor 4 (PF4), Is Associated With Impaired Downregulation of p21Cip1/WAF1 Blood, January 1, 1999; 93(1): 25 - 33. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Robinson, M. Tani, R. M. Strieter, R. M. Ransohoff, and R. H. Miller The Chemokine Growth-Regulated Oncogene-alpha Promotes Spinal Cord Oligodendrocyte Precursor Proliferation J. Neurosci., December 15, 1998; 18(24): 10457 - 10463. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
P. Gupta, T. R. Oegema Jr, J. J. Brazil, A. Z. Dudek, A. Slungaard, and C. M. Verfaillie Structurally Specific Heparan Sulfates Support Primitive Human Hematopoiesis by Formation of a Multimolecular Stem Cell Niche Blood, December 15, 1998; 92(12): 4641 - 4651. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. Durig, E. A. de Wynter, C. Kasper, M. A. Cross, J. Chang, N. G. Testa, and C. M. Heyworth Expression of Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1alpha Receptors in Human CD34+ Hematopoietic Cells and Their Modulation by Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha and Interferon-gamma Blood, November 1, 1998; 92(9): 3073 - 3081. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J.D. Cashman, C.J. Eaves, A.H. Sarris, and A.C. Eaves MCP-1, not MIP-1alpha , Is the Endogenous Chemokine That Cooperates With TGF-beta to Inhibit the Cycling of Primitive Normal but not Leukemic (CML) Progenitors in Long-Term Human Marrow Cultures Blood, October 1, 1998; 92(7): 2338 - 2344. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
E.A. de Wynter, J. Durig, M.A. Cross, C.M. Heyworth, and N.G. Testa Differential Response of CD34+ Cells Isolated from Cord Blood and Bone Marrow to MIP-1{alpha} and the Expression of MIP-1{alpha} Receptors on These Immature Cells Stem Cells, September 1, 1998; 16(5): 349 - 356. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
F. Corazza, Y. Beguin, P. Bergmann, M. Andre, A. Ferster, C. Devalck, P. Fondu, M. Buyse, and E. Sariban Anemia in Children With Cancer Is Associated With Decreased Erythropoietic Activity and Not With Inadequate Erythropoietin Production Blood, September 1, 1998; 92(5): 1793 - 1798. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
R. Badolato, S. Sozzani, F. Malacarne, S. Bresciani, M. Fiorini, A. Borsatti, A. Albertini, A. Mantovani, A. G. Ugazio, and L. D. Notarangelo Monocytes from Wiskott-Aldrich Patients Display Reduced Chemotaxis and Lack of Cell Polarization in Response to Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 and Formyl-Methionyl-Leucyl-Phenylalanine J. Immunol., July 15, 1998; 161(2): 1026 - 1033. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
B. Lee, B. J. Doranz, M. Z. Ratajczak, and R. W. Doms An Intricate Web: Chemokine Receptors, HIV-1 and Hematopoiesis Stem Cells, March 1, 1998; 16(2): 79 - 88. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
X. Sanchez, K. Suetomi, B. Cousins-Hodges, J. K. Horton, and J. Navarro CXC Chemokines Suppress Proliferation of Myeloid Progenitor Cells by Activation of the CXC Chemokine Receptor 2 J. Immunol., January 15, 1998; 160(2): 906 - 910. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
F. Guignard, C. Combadiere, H. L. Tiffany, and P. M. Murphy Gene Organization and Promoter Function for CC Chemokine Receptor 5 (CCR5) J. Immunol., January 15, 1998; 160(2): 985 - 992. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
X. Sanchez, B. Cousins-Hodges, T. Aguilar, P. Gosselink, Z. Lu, and J. Navarro Activation of HIV-1 Coreceptor (CXCR4) Mediates Myelosuppression J. Biol. Chem., October 31, 1997; 272(44): 27529 - 27531. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. D. Krathwohl, R. Hromas, D. R. Brown, H. E. Broxmeyer, and K. H. Fife Functional characterization of the C---C chemokine-like molecules encoded by molluscum contagiosum virus types 1 and 2 PNAS, September 2, 1997; 94(18): 9875 - 9880. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
B. J. Rollins Chemokines Blood, August 1, 1997; 90(3): 909 - 928. [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
B.-S. Youn, S.-H. Kim, M. S. Lyu, C. A. Kozak, D. D. Taub, and B. S. Kwon Molecular Cloning and Characterization of a cDNA, CHEMR1, Encoding a Chemokine Receptor With a Homology to the Human C-C Chemokine Receptor, CCR-4 Blood, June 15, 1997; 89(12): 4448 - 4460. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J.-L. Gao, T. A. Wynn, Y. Chang, E. J. Lee, H. E. Broxmeyer, S. Cooper, H. L. Tiffany, H. Westphal, J. Kwon-Chung, and P. M. Murphy Impaired Host Defense, Hematopoiesis, Granulomatous Inflammation and Type 1-Type 2 Cytokine Balance in Mice Lacking CC Chemokine Receptor 1 J. Exp. Med., June 2, 1997; 185(11): 1959 - 1968. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. M. Aronica, A.-C. Gingras, N. Sonenberg, S. Cooper, N. Hague, and H. E. Broxmeyer Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1alpha and Interferon-Inducible Protein 10 Inhibit Synergistically Induced Growth Factor Stimulation of MAP Kinase Activity and Suppress Phosphorylation of Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 4E and 4E Binding Protein 1 Blood, May 15, 1997; 89(10): 3582 - 3595. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
R. Hromas, P. W. Gray, D. Chantry, R. Godiska, M. Krathwohl, K. Fife, G. I. Bell, J. Takeda, S. Aronica, M. Gordon, et al. Cloning and Characterization of Exodus, a Novel beta -Chemokine Blood, May 1, 1997; 89(9): 3315 - 3322. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
V. P. Patel, B. L. Kreider, Y. Li, H. Li, K. Leung, T. Salcedo, B. Nardelli, V. Pippalla, S. Gentz, R. Thotakura, et al. Molecular and Functional Characterization of Two Novel Human C-C Chemokines as Inhibitors of Two Distinct Classes of Myeloid Progenitors J. Exp. Med., April 7, 1997; 185(7): 1163 - 1172. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
|
|