The Journal of Immunology, Vol 150, Issue 11 5033-5040, Copyright © 1993 by American Association of Immunologists

ARTICLES

Differences in cytokine response and induction of nitric oxide synthase in endotoxin-resistant and endotoxin-sensitive mice after intravenous gram-negative infection

TJ Evans, E Strivens, A Carpenter and J Cohen
Department of Infectious Diseases and Bacteriology, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London, United Kingdom.

Previous reports have suggested that the endotoxin-resistant C3H/HeJ strain of mouse is more susceptible to infection than is the endotoxin- sensitive parent strain, C3H/HeN, although they have never been compared in an i.v. model of sepsis. We therefore have used these mouse strains in an i.v. model of Gram-negative sepsis to compare their sensitivities to infection, their cytokine responses, and the levels of induction of the enzyme nitric oxide synthase assayed in their livers. By using i.v. infection with Escherichia coli we have found that both strains are approximately equally sensitive to this organism, despite the C3H/HeJ mice having a markedly attenuated TNF-alpha response. IFN- gamma levels after infection were identical in the two strains; the levels of nitric oxide synthase induced in their livers were about fourfold greater in the C3H/HeJ mice. This difference could not be explained by differences in bacterial load. These experiments suggest that factors other than TNF-alpha are important in determining outcome from Gram-negative sepsis and that TNF-alpha is not a major factor in the induction of hepatic nitric oxide synthase after infection in vivo.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				R. Ramphal, V. Balloy, J. Jyot, A. Verma, M. Si-Tahar, and M. Chignard Control of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the Lung Requires the Recognition of Either Lipopolysaccharide or Flagellin J. Immunol., July 1, 2008; 181(1): 586 - 592. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Branger, S. Knapp, S. Weijer, J. C. Leemans, J. M. Pater, P. Speelman, S. Florquin, and T. van der Poll Role of Toll-Like Receptor 4 in Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Pneumonia in Mice Infect. Immun., February 1, 2004; 72(2): 788 - 794. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Galdiero, M. Galdiero, E. Finamore, F. Rossano, M. Gambuzza, M. R. Catania, G. Teti, A. Midiri, and G. Mancuso Haemophilus influenzae Porin Induces Toll-Like Receptor 2-Mediated Cytokine Production in Human Monocytes and Mouse Macrophages Infect. Immun., February 1, 2004; 72(2): 1204 - 1209. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Galdiero, D. Capasso, M. Vitiello, M. D'Isanto, C. Pedone, and M. Galdiero Role of Surface-Exposed Loops of Haemophilus influenzae Protein P2 in the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cascade Infect. Immun., May 1, 2003; 71(5): 2798 - 2809. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Galdiero, M. Vitiello, E. Sanzari, M. D'Isanto, A. Tortora, A. Longanella, and S. Galdiero Porins from Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Activate the Transcription Factors Activating Protein 1 and NF-{kappa}B through the Raf-1-Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cascade Infect. Immun., February 1, 2002; 70(2): 558 - 568. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. A. GLYNNE, J. PICOT, and T. J. EVANS Coexpressed Nitric Oxide Synthase and Apical {beta}1 Integrins Influence Tubule Cell Adhesion after Cytokine-Induced Injury J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., November 1, 2001; 12(11): 2370 - 2383. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. J. Parmely, F. Wang, and D. Wright Gamma Interferon Prevents the Inhibitory Effects of Oxidative Stress on Host Responses to Escherichia coli Infection Infect. Immun., April 1, 2001; 69(4): 2621 - 2629. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Galdiero, M. D'Amico, F. Gorga, C. Di Filippo, M. D'Isanto, M. Vitiello, A. Longanella, and A. Tortora Haemophilus influenzae Porin Contributes to Signaling of the Inflammatory Cascade in Rat Brain Infect. Immun., January 1, 2001; 69(1): 221 - 227. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. Hou, H. Sasaki, and P. Stashenko Toll-Like Receptor 4-Deficient Mice Have Reduced Bone Destruction following Mixed Anaerobic Infection Infect. Immun., August 1, 2000; 68(8): 4681 - 4687. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. Nowicki, J. Singhal, L. Fang, S. Nowicki, and C. Yallampalli Inverse Relationship between Severity of Experimental Pyelonephritis and Nitric Oxide Production in C3H/HeJ Mice Infect. Immun., May 1, 1999; 67(5): 2421 - 2427. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. W. Warren, S. M. Poloyac, D. S. Gary, M. P. Mattson, and R. A. Blouin Hepatic Cytochrome P-450 Expression in Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Receptor (p55/p75) Knockout Mice After Endotoxin Administration J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., March 1, 1999; 288(3): 945 - 950. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				H. Zhang, D. W. Niesel, J. W. Peterson, and G. R. Klimpel Lipoprotein Release by Bacteria: Potential Factor in Bacterial Pathogenesis Infect. Immun., November 1, 1998; 66(11): 5196 - 5201. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Takano, H. Nishimura, Y. Kimura, Y. Mokuno, J. Washizu, S. Itohara, Y. Nimura, and Y. Yoshikai Protective Roles of gamma delta T Cells and Interleukin-15 in Escherichia coli Infection in Mice Infect. Immun., July 1, 1998; 66(7): 3270 - 3278. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Robert and J. A. Spitzer Effect of acute endotoxin tolerance on NO production by isolated hepatic parenchymal and nonparenchymal cells and alveolar macrophages in rats Innate Immunity, December 1, 1997; 4(6): 443 - 451. [Abstract] [PDF]