The JI PBL Intereron Source
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     
 

This Article
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Becker, S.
Right arrow Articles by Soukup, J.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Becker, S.
Right arrow Articles by Soukup, J.

The Journal of Immunology, Vol 147, Issue 12 4307-4312, Copyright © 1991 by American Association of Immunologists

ARTICLES

Cytokine (tumor necrosis factor, IL-6, and IL-8) production by respiratory syncytial virus-infected human alveolar macrophages

S Becker, J Quay and J Soukup
ABB-Environmental Services, Chapel Hill, NC 27514.

Human alveolar macrophages (AM) are susceptible to infection with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), but the infection is abortive after the initial cycles of virus replication. We have investigated if RSV infection of AM results in the production of cytokines TNF, IL-6, and IL-8, all of which may modulate inflammatory and immune responses to the virus, as well as may directly protect respiratory epithelial cells against spread of infection. Within 1 h after interaction with RSV, increased mRNA levels were found for all three cytokines. Peak expression of the mRNAs occurred at 3 to 6 h. The virus most effectively induced TNF mRNA expression greater than IL-6 mRNA greater than IL-8 mRNA, as compared to cytokine mRNA expression induced by bacterial endotoxin. Inactivated virus was almost as effective as live virus in inducing and maintaining increased IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA over 16 h, whereas live infectious RSV was necessary for maintaining TNF mRNA expression over the same time. Protein concentrations of the different cytokines in the supernatants of infected AM reflected the increased levels of mRNA in the cells. Despite the high levels of cytokines with possible antiviral activity (TNF and IL-6) in the AM supernatants, neither supernatants nor rTNF when added to bronchial epithelial cells protected them from infection with RSV. However, TNF, IL-1, and RSV, but not IL-6, induced IL-8 and IL-6 mRNA expression by the bronchial epithelial cells suggesting that cytokines produced by RSV-infected AM may be more important in modulating the inflammatory response in infection than directly interfering with virus infection/replication of airway epithelium.


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
K. D. Dyer, J. M. Moser, M. Czapiga, S. J. Siegel, C. M. Percopo, and H. F. Rosenberg
Functionally Competent Eosinophils Differentiated Ex Vivo in High Purity from Normal Mouse Bone Marrow
J. Immunol., September 15, 2008; 181(6): 4004 - 4009.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Virol.Home page
S. Munir, C. Le Nouen, C. Luongo, U. J. Buchholz, P. L. Collins, and A. Bukreyev
Nonstructural Proteins 1 and 2 of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Suppress Maturation of Human Dendritic Cells
J. Virol., September 1, 2008; 82(17): 8780 - 8796.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
S. Kota, A. Sabbah, T. H. Chang, R. Harnack, Y. Xiang, X. Meng, and S. Bose
Role of Human {beta}-Defensin-2 during Tumor Necrosis Factor-{alpha}/NF-{kappa}B-mediated Innate Antiviral Response against Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus
J. Biol. Chem., August 15, 2008; 283(33): 22417 - 22429.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Virol.Home page
P. K. Pribul, J. Harker, B. Wang, H. Wang, J. S. Tregoning, J. Schwarze, and P. J. M. Openshaw
Alveolar Macrophages Are a Major Determinant of Early Responses to Viral Lung Infection but Do Not Influence Subsequent Disease Development
J. Virol., May 1, 2008; 82(9): 4441 - 4448.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur Respir JHome page
F. Tahan, A. Ozcan, and N. Koc
Clarithromycin in the treatment of RSV bronchiolitis: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial
Eur. Respir. J., January 1, 2007; 29(1): 91 - 97.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Virol.Home page
M.-E. Hamelin, K. Yim, K. H. Kuhn, R. P. Cragin, M. Boukhvalova, J. C. G. Blanco, G. A. Prince, and G. Boivin
Pathogenesis of Human Metapneumovirus Lung Infection in BALB/c Mice and Cotton Rats
J. Virol., July 15, 2005; 79(14): 8894 - 8903.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Virol.Home page
J. A. Rutigliano, T. R. Johnson, T. N. Hollinger, J. E. Fischer, S. Aung, and B. S. Graham
Treatment with Anti-LFA-1 Delays the CD8+ Cytotoxic-T-Lymphocyte Response and Viral Clearance in Mice with Primary Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection
J. Virol., March 15, 2004; 78(6): 3014 - 3023.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Gen. Virol.Home page
M. Radkowski, A. Bednarska, A. Horban, J. Stanczak, J. Wilkinson, D. M. Adair, M. Nowicki, J. Rakela, and T. Laskus
Infection of primary human macrophages with hepatitis C virus in vitro: induction of tumour necrosis factor-{alpha} and interleukin 8
J. Gen. Virol., January 1, 2004; 85(1): 47 - 59.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Leukoc. Biol.Home page
S. D. Message and S. L. Johnston
Host defense function of the airway epithelium in health and disease: clinical background
J. Leukoc. Biol., January 1, 2004; 75(1): 5 - 17.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
T. R. Meusel and F. Imani
Viral Induction of Inflammatory Cytokines in Human Epithelial Cells Follows a p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase-Dependent but NF-{kappa}B-Independent Pathway
J. Immunol., October 1, 2003; 171(7): 3768 - 3774.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol.Home page
A. Auais, B. Adkins, G. Napchan, and G. Piedimonte
Immunomodulatory effects of sensory nerves during respiratory syncytial virus infection in rats
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, July 1, 2003; 285(1): L105 - L113.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio.Home page
P. M. Kaan and R. G. Hegele
Interaction between Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Particulate Matter in Guinea Pig Alveolar Macrophages
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., June 1, 2003; 28(6): 697 - 704.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
M. Chen, K.-F. Hu, B. Rozell, C. Orvell, B. Morein, and P. Liljestrom
Vaccination with Recombinant Alphavirus or Immune-Stimulating Complex Antigen Against Respiratory Syncytial Virus
J. Immunol., September 15, 2002; 169(6): 3208 - 3216.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur Respir JHome page
A. Jones, J.M. Qui, E. Bataki, H. Elphick, S. Ritson, G.S. Evans, and M.L. Everard
Neutrophil survival is prolonged in the airways of healthy infants and infants with RSV bronchiolitis
Eur. Respir. J., September 1, 2002; 20(3): 651 - 657.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol.Home page
K. Pazdrak, B. Olszewska-Pazdrak, T. Liu, R. Takizawa, A. R. Brasier, R. P. Garofalo, and A. Casola
MAPK activation is involved in posttranscriptional regulation of RSV-induced RANTES gene expression
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, August 1, 2002; 283(2): L364 - L372.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
T. R. Meusel, K. E. Kehoe, and F. Imani
Protein Kinase R Regulates Double-Stranded RNA Induction of TNF-{alpha} But Not IL-1{beta} mRNA in Human Epithelial Cells
J. Immunol., June 15, 2002; 168(12): 6429 - 6435.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
H. A. Haeberle, F. Nesti, H.-J. Dieterich, Z. Gatalica, and R. P. Garofalo
Perflubron Reduces Lung Inflammation in Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection by Inhibiting Chemokine Expression and Nuclear Factor-{kappa}B Activation
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., May 15, 2002; 165(10): 1433 - 1438.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Br Med BullHome page
P. S McNamara and R. L Smyth
The pathogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus disease in childhood
Br. Med. Bull., March 1, 2002; 61(1): 13 - 28.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur Respir JHome page
M.K. Purokivi, M-R. Hirvonen, J.T. Randell, M.H. Roponen, T.M. Meklin, A.I. Nevalainen, T.M. Husman, and H.O. Tukiainen
Changes in pro-inflammatory cytokines in association with exposure to moisture-damaged building microbes
Eur. Respir. J., December 1, 2001; 18(6): 951 - 958.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur Respir JHome page
S.D. Message and S.L. Johnston
The immunology of virus infection in asthma
Eur. Respir. J., December 1, 2001; 18(6): 1013 - 1025.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Int ImmunolHome page
D. Markine-Goriaynoff, T. D. Nguyen, G. Bigaignon, J. Van Snick, and J.-P. Coutelier
Distinct requirements for IL-6 in polyclonal and specific Ig production induced by microorganisms
Int. Immunol., September 1, 2001; 13(9): 1185 - 1192.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
H. Kadhim, B. Tabarki, G. Verellen, C. De Prez, A.-M. Rona, and G. Sebire
Inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of periventricular leukomalacia
Neurology, May 22, 2001; 56(10): 1278 - 1284.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Virol.Home page
H. A. Haeberle, W. A. Kuziel, H.-J. Dieterich, A. Casola, Z. Gatalica, and R. P. Garofalo
Inducible Expression of Inflammatory Chemokines in Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Infected Mice: Role of MIP-1{alpha} in Lung Pathology
J. Virol., January 15, 2001; 75(2): 878 - 890.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
R. L. RILEY
What Nobody Needs to Know About Airborne Infection
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., January 1, 2001; 163(1): 7 - 8.
[Full Text]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio.Home page
R. P. Garofalo and H. Haeberle
Epithelial Regulation of Innate Immunity to Respiratory Syncytial Virus
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., November 1, 2000; 23(5): 581 - 585.
[Full Text]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio.Home page
F. E. Barr, H. Pedigo, T. R. Johnson, and V. L. Shepherd
Surfactant Protein-A Enhances Uptake of Respiratory Syncytial Virus by Monocytes and U937 Macrophages
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., November 1, 2000; 23(5): 586 - 592.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 J. Virol.Home page
L. H. Thomas, M. I. Y. Wickremasinghe, M. Sharland, and J. S. Friedland
Synergistic Upregulation of Interleukin-8 Secretion from Pulmonary Epithelial Cells by Direct and Monocyte-Dependent Effects of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection
J. Virol., September 15, 2000; 74(18): 8425 - 8433.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio.Home page
S. McKay, S. J. Hirst, M. B.-d. Haas, J. C. de Jongste, H. C. Hoogsteden, P. R. Saxena, and H. S. Sharma
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Enhances mRNA Expression and Secretion of Interleukin-6 in Cultured Human Airway Smooth Muscle Cells
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., July 1, 2000; 23(1): 103 - 111.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
L. BONT, C. J. HEIJNEN, A. KAVELAARS, W. M. C. van AALDEREN, F. BRUS, J. Th. M. DRAAISMA, S. M. GEELEN, and J. L. L. KIMPEN
Monocyte IL-10 Production during Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis Is Associated with Recurrent Wheezing in a One-Year Follow-up Study
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., May 1, 2000; 161(5): 1518 - 1523.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 Toxicol PatholHome page
K. A. Anderson, R. J. Lemen, N. S. Weger, Huizhong Chen, M. C. Bowers, M. L. Witten, R. C. Lantz, D. E. Bice, and B. A. Muggenburg
Nedocromil Sodium Inhibits Canine Adenovirus Bronchiolitis in Beagle Puppies
Toxicol Pathol, March 1, 2000; 28(2): 317 - 325.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 Exp. Biol. Med.Home page
G. Herbein and W. A. O'brien
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-{alpha} and TNF Receptors in Viral Pathogenesis
Experimental Biology and Medicine, March 1, 2000; 223(3): 241 - 257.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
Y.-S. Kim, S.-J. Han, J.-H. Ryu, K.-H. Choi, Y.-S. Hong, Y.-H. Chung, S. Perrot, A. Raibaud, P. T. Brey, and W.-J. Lee
Lipopolysaccharide-activated Kinase, an Essential Component for the Induction of the Antimicrobial Peptide Genes in Drosophila melanogaster Cells
J. Biol. Chem., January 21, 2000; 275(3): 2071 - 2079.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol.Home page
M. W. Frampton, A. J. Ghio, J. M. Samet, J. L. Carson, J. D. Carter, and R. B. Devlin
Effects of aqueous extracts of PM10 filters from the Utah Valley on human airway epithelial cells
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, November 1, 1999; 277(5): L960 - L967.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio.Home page
Y. A. Schwarz, R. S. Amin, J. M. Stark, B. C. Trapnell, and R. W. Wilmott
Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist Inhibits Interleukin-8 Expression in A549 Respiratory Epithelial Cells Infected In Vitro with a Replication-Deficient Recombinant Adenovirus Vector
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., September 1, 1999; 21(3): 388 - 394.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 BloodHome page
S.-C. Kim, J.-S. Hahn, Y.-H. Min, N.-C. Yoo, Y.-W. Ko, and W.-J. Lee
Constitutive Activation of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase in Human Acute Leukemias: Combined Role of Activation of MEK, Hyperexpression of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase, and Downregulation of a Phosphatase, PAC1
Blood, June 1, 1999; 93(11): 3893 - 3899.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol.Home page
M. T. Borchers, M. P. Carty, and G. D. Leikauf
Regulation of human airway mucins by acrolein and inflammatory mediators
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, April 1, 1999; 276(4): L549 - L555.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Clin. Microbiol. Rev.Home page
J. E. Gern and W. W. Busse
Association of Rhinovirus Infections with Asthma
Clin. Microbiol. Rev., January 1, 1999; 12(1): 9 - 18.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio.Home page
T. Kennedy, A. J. Ghio, W. Reed, J. Samet, J. Zagorski, J. Quay, J. Carter, L. Dailey, J. R. Hoidal, and R. B. Devlin
Copper-dependent Inflammation and Nuclear Factor-kappa B Activation by Particulate Air Pollution
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., September 1, 1998; 19(3): 366 - 378.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio.Home page
H. R. Black, J. R. Yankaskas, L. G. Johnson, and T. L. Noah
Interleukin-8 Production by Cystic Fibrosis Nasal Epithelial Cells after Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Stimulation
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., August 1, 1998; 19(2): 210 - 215.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
L. H. Thomas, J. S. Friedland, M. Sharland, and S. Becker
Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Induced RANTES Production from Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells Is Dependent on Nuclear Factor-{kappa}B Nuclear Binding and Is Inhibited by Adenovirus-Mediated Expression of Inhibitor of {kappa}B{alpha}
J. Immunol., July 15, 1998; 161(2): 1007 - 1016.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Virol.Home page
V. Bitko and S. Barik
Persistent Activation of RelA by Respiratory Syncytial Virus Involves Protein Kinase C, Underphosphorylated Ikappa Bbeta , and Sequestration of Protein Phosphatase 2A by the Viral Phosphoprotein
J. Virol., July 1, 1998; 72(7): 5610 - 5618.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
G. FOLKERTS, W. W. BUSSE, F. P. NIJKAMP, R. SORKNESS, and J. E. GERN
Virus-induced Airway Hyperresponsiveness and Asthma
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., June 1, 1998; 157(6): 1708 - 1720.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Virol.Home page
R. Takeuchi, H. Tsutsumi, M. Osaki, S. Sone, S. Imai, and S. Chiba
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection of Neonatal Monocytes Stimulates Synthesis of Interferon Regulatory Factor 1 and Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta )-Converting Enzyme and Secretion of IL-1beta
J. Virol., January 1, 1998; 72(1): 837 - 840.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
S. J. Wigmore, K. C. H. Fearon, J. P. Maingay, P. B. S. Lai, and J. A. Ross
Interleukin-8 can mediate acute-phase protein production by isolated human hepatocytes
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, October 1, 1997; 273(4): E720 - E726.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
M. C. Johnson II, O. Kajikawa, R. B. Goodman, V. A. Wong, S. M. Mongovin, W. B. Wong, R. Fox-Dewhurst, and T. R. Martin
Molecular Expression of the alpha-Chemokine Rabbit GRO in Escherichia coli and Characterization of Its Production by Lung Cells in Vitro and in Vivo
J. Biol. Chem., May 3, 1996; 271(18): 10853 - 10858.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.Home page
K. Hisatomi, M. Nakao, T. Isomura, K. Kosuga, and K. Itoh
Effect of recombinant erythropoietin on peripheral T lymphocytes
J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., April 1, 1995; 109(4): 809 - 809.
[Full Text]

Home page
 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
O. P. Barry, B. Mullan, D. Sheehan, M. G. Kazanietz, F. Shanahan, J. K. Collins, and G. C. O'Sullivan
Constitutive ERK1/2 Activation in Esophagogastric Rib Bone Marrow Micrometastatic Cells Is MEK-independent
J. Biol. Chem., April 27, 2001; 276(18): 15537 - 15546.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
This Website Copyright © 1991 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc. All rights reserved.
All Contents Copyright © 1991 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc. All rights reserved.