The Journal of Immunology, Vol 146, Issue 7 2235-2244, Copyright © 1991 by American Association of Immunologists

ARTICLES

Expression, distribution, and biochemistry of human CD39. Role in activation-associated homotypic adhesion of lymphocytes

GS Kansas, GS Wood and TF Tedder
Division of Tumor Immunology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115.

The distribution, biochemical properties, and function of CD39 were characterized with the use of a new mAb termed 400. CD39 is an acidic (isoelectric point, approximately 4.2) glycoprotein of Mr approximately 78,000, containing approximately 24 kDa of N-linked oligosaccharide but no detectable O-linked sugars. CD39 was not expressed by resting blood T, B, or NK cells, neutrophils, or monocytes, but was expressed on activated NK cells, B cells, subsets of T cells, and T cell clones. Furthermore, the pattern of expression of CD39 was distinct from the "classic" activation Ag CD25 and CD71, inasmuch as it was expressed long after expression of CD25 and CD71 had returned to basal levels. CD39 was easily detectable on EBV-transformed B cell lines but was absent from pre-B and non-EBV-transformed B cell lines, most myeloid cell lines, and leukemic T cell lines. In lymphoid tissues, germinal center cells expressed little or no CD39, whereas some paracortical lymphocytes and most macrophages and dendritic cells were positive. CD39 was strongly expressed by endothelium in all tissues examined, including skin, and was present on some, but not all, endothelial cell lines propagated in vitro. Interestingly, mAb binding to certain epitopes on CD39 induced rapid homotypic adhesion that appeared to involve LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18), but was morphologically and kinetically distinct from that induced by PMA. Anti-CD39 mAb also induced homotypic adhesion in an CD11/CD18-EBV-transformed B cell line derived from a patient with severe leukocyte adhesion deficiency. This adhesion was unaffected by EDTA, suggesting that this pathway of anti-CD39-induced homotypic adhesion was not mediated by any of the known integrins. These studies suggest that CD39 is involved in the cellular signaling that regulates adhesion.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				A. Shin, T. Toy, S. Rothenfusser, N. Robson, J. Vorac, M. Dauer, M. Stuplich, S. Endres, J. Cebon, E. Maraskovsky, et al. P2Y receptor signaling regulates phenotype and IFN-{alpha} secretion of human plasmacytoid dendritic cells Blood, March 15, 2008; 111(6): 3062 - 3069. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Coppola, L. Coppola, L. dalla Mora, F. M. Limongelli, A. Grassia, L. Mastrolorenzo, G. Gombos, and G. Lucivero Vigorous exercise acutely changes platelet and B-lymphocyte CD39 expression J Appl Physiol, April 1, 2005; 98(4): 1414 - 1419. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Mateo, S. Kreda, C. E. Henry, T. K. Harden, and J. L. Boyer Requirement of Cys399 for Processing of the Human Ecto-ATPase (NTPDase2) and Its Implications for Determination of the Activities of Splice Variants of the Enzyme J. Biol. Chem., October 10, 2003; 278(41): 39960 - 39968. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. J. Marcus, M. J. Broekman, J. H. F. Drosopoulos, N. Islam, D. J. Pinsky, C. Sesti, and R. Levi Metabolic Control of Excessive Extracellular Nucleotide Accumulation by CD39/Ecto-Nucleotidase-1: Implications for Ischemic Vascular Diseases J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., April 1, 2003; 305(1): 9 - 16. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				H. P. Langston, Y. Ke, A. T. Gewirtz, K. E. Dombrowski, and J. A. Kapp Secretion of IL-2 and IFN-{gamma}, But Not IL-4, by Antigen-Specific T Cells Requires Extracellular ATP J. Immunol., March 15, 2003; 170(6): 2962 - 2970. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. C. Kaneider, P. Egger, S. Dunzendorfer, P. Noris, C. L. Balduini, D. Gritti, G. Ricevuti, and C. J. Wiedermann Reversal of Thrombin-Induced Deactivation of CD39/ATPDase in Endothelial Cells by HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibition: Effects on Rho-GTPase and Adenosine Nucleotide Metabolism Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., June 1, 2002; 22(6): 894 - 900. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Sevigny, C. Sundberg, N. Braun, O. Guckelberger, E. Csizmadia, I. Qawi, M. Imai, H. Zimmermann, and S. C. Robson Differential catalytic properties and vascular topography of murine nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 (NTPDase1) and NTPDase2 have implications for thromboregulation Blood, April 15, 2002; 99(8): 2801 - 2809. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Stockl, O. Majdic, G. Fischer, D. Maurer, and W. Knapp Monomorphic Molecules Function as Additional Recognition Structures on Haptenated Target Cells for HLA-A1-Restricted, Hapten-Specific CTL J. Immunol., September 1, 2001; 167(5): 2724 - 2733. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Vassort Adenosine 5'-Triphosphate: a P2-Purinergic Agonist in the Myocardium Physiol Rev, April 1, 2001; 81(2): 767 - 806. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. J. Marcus, M. J. Broekman, J. H.F. Drosopoulos, D. J. Pinsky, N. Islam, R. B. Gayle III, and C. R. Maliszewski Thromboregulation by Endothelial Cells : Significance for Occlusive Vascular Diseases Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., February 1, 2001; 21(2): 178 - 182. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. Berner, G. Wolf, K. M Hummel, G. A Müller, and M. A Reuss-Borst Increased expression of CD40 ligand (CD154) on CD4+ T cells as a marker of disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis Ann Rheum Dis, March 1, 2000; 59(3): 190 - 195. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				D. M. Fernandes, A. M. Baird, L. J. Berg, and K. L. Rock A Monoclonal Antibody Reactive with a 40-kDa Molecule on Fetal Thymocytes and Tumor Cells Blocks Proliferation and Stimulates Aggregation and Apoptosis J. Immunol., August 1, 1999; 163(3): 1306 - 1314. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. E. Etzler, G. Kalsi, N. N. Ewing, N. J. Roberts, R. B. Day, and J. B. Murphy A nod factor binding lectin with apyrase activity from legume roots PNAS, May 11, 1999; 96(10): 5856 - 5861. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Kittel Lipopolysaccharide Treatment Modifies pH- and Cation-dependent Ecto-ATPase Activity of Endothelial Cells J. Histochem. Cytochem., March 1, 1999; 47(3): 393 - 400. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				S. Sembries, H. Pahl, S. Stilgenbauer, H. Dohner, and F. Schriever Reduced Expression of Adhesion Molecules and Cell Signaling Receptors by Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells With 11q Deletion Blood, January 15, 1999; 93(2): 624 - 631. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. K. Nagy, A. F. Knowles, and G. T. Nagami Molecular Cloning of the Chicken Oviduct Ecto-ATP-Diphosphohydrolase J. Biol. Chem., June 26, 1998; 273(26): 16043 - 16049. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. Gao, L. Dong, and J. P. Whitlock Jr. A Novel Response to Dioxin. INDUCTION OF ECTO-ATPase GENE EXPRESSION J. Biol. Chem., June 19, 1998; 273(25): 15358 - 15365. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. L. Kirley and T. L. Kirley Complementary DNA Cloning and Sequencing of the Chicken Muscle Ecto-ATPase. HOMOLOGY WITH THE LYMPHOID CELL ACTIVATION ANTIGEN CD39 J. Biol. Chem., January 10, 1997; 272(2): 1076 - 1081. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Kaczmarek, K. Koziak, J. Sevigny, J. B. Siegel, J. Anrather, A. R. Beaudoin, F. H. Bach, and S. C. Robson Identification and Characterization of CD39/Vascular ATP Diphosphohydrolase J. Biol. Chem., December 20, 1996; 271(51): 33116 - 33122. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T.-F. Wang and G. Guidotti CD39 Is an Ecto-(Ca[IMAGE],Mg[IMAGE])-apyrase J. Biol. Chem., April 26, 1996; 271(17): 9898 - 9901. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]