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The Journal of Immunology, Vol 133, Issue 4 1852-1856, Copyright © 1984 by American Association of Immunologists

ARTICLES

Detection of masked anti-DNA antibodies in lupus sera by a monoclonal anti-idiotype

R Halpern, J Schiffenbauer, G Solomon and B Diamond

We report here the use of a monoclonal anti-idiotype 3I to human anti- DNA antibodies to detect in serum idiotype-positive antigen-binding antibodies lacking DNA-binding activity as measured by conventional antigen binding assays. We studied paired serum samples from 13 patients with systemic lupus obtained at two times in the course of their disease: in each patient, one serum sample has anti-DNA activity and the second serum sample has no anti-dsDNA activity detectable by Millipore filter, ELISA, or Crithidia assay. Reactivity with 3I as detected with a radioimmunoassay (RIA) was present in all 13 sera with anti-dsDNA activity. Six patients showed a decrease in 3I reactivity to normal levels in the second serum sample, in which anti-dsDNA antibodies were not detectable by conventional antigen-binding assays. The other seven patients' second serum sample continued to show elevated 3I reactivity by RIA even though no anti-dsDNA activity was apparent. When the 3I-reactive antibodies from these latter patients' sera were eluted from a 3I affinity column, they revealed DNA-binding activity. Furthermore, dsDNA binding by these sera was apparent when they were displayed on Western blots of isoelectric focusing gels run in 8 M urea and incubated with radiolabeled dsDNA. These results indicate that the 3I anti-idiotype can detect anti-DNA antibodies in some sera of SLE patients that lack anti-DNA activity by ordinary assays. These antibodies may be inhibited in binding dsDNA by excess antigen or autologous anti-idiotype, and their DNA binding activity can be unmasked by procedures promoting immune complex dissociation.


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W. Williams and D. Isenberg
A cross-sectional study of anti-DNA antibodies in the serum and IgG and IgM fraction of healthy individuals, patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and their relatives
Lupus, December 1, 1996; 5(6): 576 - 586.
[Abstract] [PDF]


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