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The Journal of Immunology, 1979, 123: 1014-1019.
Copyright © 1979 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc.
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Effect of Specific Phospholipids on the Antibody-Complement-Mediated Killing of Nucleated Cells1

Sarkis H. Ohanian, Seymour I. Schlager, Masatoshi Yamazaki2 and Brian Ishida3

Laboratory of Immunobiology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20205

Abstract

Certain phospholipids selectively inhibited or enhanced the cytotoxic action of complement (C) on antibody-coated line-1 and line-10 guinea pig hepatoma cells. Phosphatidylglycerol (PG) inhibited guinea pig, human, goat, and rabbit C but not rat C. Cardiolipin (CL) was effective in inhibiting human and goat C and phosphatidylethanolamine (bovine brain) (PEm) was effective against human, goat, and rabbit C. Phosphatidylethanolamine (egg yolk) (PEegg), phosphatidylethanolamine (E. coli) (PEb) or phosphatidylethanolamine (soybean) (PEsb) were not effective in inhibiting C activity. Phosphatidylserine (PS) was only effective in inhibiting GPC. In contrast, PG enhanced the activity of rat C against line-10 cells sensitized with anti-tumor antibody but not anti-Forssman antibody.

The inhibiting activity was dependent upon the antibody used to sensitize the cells, on the concentration of lipids used to treat the C, and on the time the lipids were added to the C. The inhibitory effect of the lipids appear to be at the stage of formation of T*. Addition of lipids to T* did not interfere with its transformation to dead cells. These results suggest that certain lipids may interfere with fluid-phase activated C components but not bound C components. The role of lipids or lipid-containing macromolecules on C action may be that of providing a hydrophobic environment for an activated C component(s) whereas the fatty acid composition and/or subtle physical properties of individual lipids may influence the functional activity of C.

Footnotes

1 This paper is No. 22 in the series "Lysis of Tumor Cells by Antibody and Complement."

2 Guest Worker in the Laboratory of Immunobiology, National Cancer Institute. Supported by the Ministry of Education of the Japanese Government.

3 Current address: Department of Bacteriology, Life Sciences Building, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.






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