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Induction of Plasma Cell Differentiation of Human Fetal Lymphocytes: Evidence for Functional Immaturity of T and B Cells^1,2,

Departments of Pediatrics and Microbiology and the Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama in Birmingham, University Station, Birmingham, Alabama 35294

Abstract

Resembling the in vitro antibody response of the newborn, cultures of cord blood lymphocytes stimulated with pokeweed mitogen (PWM) generated fewer plasma cells (PC) than comparable adult lymphocyte cultures and the response was almost exclusively of the IgM class. We investigated the cellular basis of this difference by preparing mixed cultures of newborn T or B lymphocytes with adult B or T cells. Substitution of adult for newborn T cells enhanced the response of newborn B cells, particularly of the IgG and IgA classes. The response of second trimester fetal spleen cells was also increased by adult T cells, although no IgA PC appeared. Conversely, adult B cells generated fewer PC particularly of the IgG and IgA classes when cultured with newborn T cells. The relatively poor IgA and IgG responses of newborn cells seems partially but not entirely due to deficiency of T cell helper function. Suppressor activity of newborn T cells was investigated by adding excess unrelated newborn or adult T cells to adult T + B cells: adult T cells improved the response whereas newborn T cells were variably suppressive. The results indicate that newborn T cells, although capable of helper function, are balanced toward suppression.

Footnotes

¹ This work was supported by a grant from the National Foundation and in part by United States Public Health Service Grants AI-11502, CA 16673, and CA 13148.

² A summary of part of this work was presented at the 11th Leukocyte Culture Conference, Tucson, Arizona, September, 1976.

³ On leave from the Institute of Child Health, London, England.

⁴ A. R. Lawton is a recipient of United States Public Health Service, NIH, Research Career Development Award AI 70780.

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