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Cytotoxic Macrophages: A Rapid Nonspecific Response to Viral Infection¹

From The School of Microbiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia

Abstract

In vitro and in vivo assays have been developed to study the relative contributions of various types of immune cytolysis in the destruction of infected cells after Semliki Forest virus infection of BALB/c mice. Highly cytotoxic activated macrophages, not specific for the infecting virus, appear on day 1, peak on day 2 to 3, and disappear within a week. Specifically sensitized T cells appear around day 3, peak on day 6, and disappear within a month. Cytotoxic antibody appears on day 4 and reaches high titers by day 8. Immune spleen cells greatly reduce the yield of virus from cultured cells. Infected cells rapidly disappear after transfer to infected animals.

Footnotes

¹ This work was supported by a grant from the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia.

² Present address: Commonwealth Serum Laboratories, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.

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