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Mechanism of Immunologic Resistance to Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV-1) Infection¹

From the Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461 and the Department of Cell Pathology, Clinical Research Center, Watford Road, Harrow, Middlesex HA1 3UJ, England

Abstract

Susceptibility of adult mice to i.p. infection with HSV-1 was greatly increased by administration of a single dose of cyclophosphamide. Mortality of cyclophosphamide-treated virus-infected mice was associated with increased virus replication and pathologic changes in brain and liver. The development of a fatal infection in immunosuppressed mice could be curtailed after transfer of specifically immune spleen cells. Passively transferred antibody had no such effect. Protective activity of spleen cells was significantly reduced after pretreatment with anti- serum. Significant protection was also achieved when normal spleen cells plus immune serum were administered simultaneously. Our results indicate that protection against this virus infection is predominantly T cell dependent, and suggests that antibody-dependent cell-mediated protection may also be operative in vivo.

Footnotes

¹ This work was supported in part by United States Public Health Service Grant NIH-AI-09807.

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