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Cell-Mediated Immune Response to Mumps Virus Infection in Man¹

From the Departments of Pediatrics and Microbiology, State University of New York at Buffalo and Division of Virology, Children's Hospital, Buffalo, New York 14222

Abstract

The antibody and cell-mediated immune response to mumps virus infection was studied in groups of subjects after naturally acquired mumps virus infection, after parenteral immunization with liver attenuated mumps vaccine, and in a population of mumps seronegative subjects. The technique of neutralization of tissue culture infectivity was utilized to study mumps specific antibody. The cell-mediated immunity (CMI) was detected by specific immune release (SIR) of radioactivity by purified lymphocytes after they were reacted with radioactive chromium (⁵¹Cr) labeled human conjunctival cell cultures chronically infected with mumps virus. No SIR activity was observed in lymphocytes obtained from cored blood and young individuals seronegative for antibody to mumps virus. Detectable SIR activity was observed in a few older seronegative subjects; however, immunization with mumps vaccine in such antibody negative subjects failed to result in the development of any antibody response in the serum. High SIR activity was observed in the lymphocytes of naturally infected and vaccinated subjects. Although all naturally infected or immunized subjects had varying levels of mumps specific antibody activity in the serum, no correlation existed between the levels of antibody and SIR activity. These observations suggest the development of mumps specific in vitro correlates of CMI after naturally acquired or vaccine-induced mumps virus infection.

Footnotes

¹ Supported in part by Grant AMI-7050 from the National Institute of Arthritis, Metabolism and Digestive Diseases, AI32522 and AI-42511 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and RR628 from the Clinical Research Center Program, National Institutes of Health.

² Address reprint requests to: Dr. Ogra, Children's Hospital, 219 Bryant Street, Buffalo, New York 14222.