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Inhibition of Lymphocyte Stimulation by Measles Virus

From the United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, Food and Drug Administration, Bureau of Biologics, Division of Virology, Bethesda, Maryland 20014

Abstract

The effect of measles virus on phytohemagglutinin-(PHA) induced stimulation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells was investigated to delineate possible mechanisms for viral suppression of cell-mediated immunity (CMI). It was noted that medium which had several days contact with uninfected monolayers as well as unpurified measles virus preparations produced significant inhibition of ³H-thymidine incorporation by PHA-stimulated lymphocytes. When partially purified measles virus preparations were used, however, marked inhibition was observed and the inhibitory effect of cell-derived factors could be separated easily from the virus-induced inhibition.

Experiments to determine the mechanisms of this virus-induced inhibition of ³H-thymidine incorporation showed the following: 1) live measles virus and not UV-irradiated or heat-inactivated virus produced inhibition; 2) the inhibitory effect observed was not the result of a viral-induced inhibitor being released from measles-infected lymphocytes; and 3) monocyte depletion had no effect on the ability of measles virus to inhibit ³H-thymidine incorporation by PHA-stimulated lymphocytes.

Since it was found that measles virus-infected lymphocytes display an impaired response to in vitro PHA stimulation, perhaps this dysfunction may be extended to mediator release and other functions associated with delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity (DCH) in vivo.

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				S. R. Permar, D. E. Griffin, and N. L. Letvin Immune Containment and Consequences of Measles Virus Infection in Healthy and Immunocompromised Individuals Clin. Vaccine Immunol., April 1, 2006; 13(4): 437 - 443. [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Escoffier, S. Manié, S. Vincent, C. P. Muller, M. Billeter, and D. Gerlier Nonstructural C Protein Is Required for Efficient Measles Virus Replication in Human Peripheral Blood Cells J. Virol., February 1, 1999; 73(2): 1695 - 1698. [Abstract] [Full Text]