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Immunogenicity and Arthritogenicity in the Rat of an Antigen from Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Wax D¹

From the Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90024

Abstract

Most of the conventional wax D preparations from human strain Mycobacterium tuberculosis induced adjuvant arthritis (AA) and typical delayed skin reaction to purified protein derivative (PPD) in the rat. However, the tuberculin-sensitizing ability of these waxes D as judged by skin testing with PPD was variable from preparation to preparation. "Pure" wax D containing trace amounts of tuberculin-sensitizing materials has recently been extracted from a human strain M. tuberculosis H37Ra, cultivated on Sauton medium for 4 weeks. The water-soluble portion (WSP) subfractions designated as F-IA and F-IB were obtained from this pure wax D. These subfractions, which are homogeneous as revealed by Ouchterlony tests and immunoelectrophoresis, were capable of inducing AA and a delayed hypersensitivity elicited by themselves, but not by PPD. PPD and , which were less immunogenic than F-IA and F-IB, failed to produce AA. Arthritogenicity of the parent wax D correlated more closely with the degree of skin reaction to the WSP subfractions than with the PPD skin reaction. However, after development of AA the skin reaction to F-IB decreased significantly, especially in severely diseased rats, whereas PPD positivity remained constant and strong.

Although Ouchterlony double diffusion tests with F-IA, F-IB, PPD and revealed that an identical or partially identical component is present in all, F-IA and F-IB are peptidopolysaccharides and differ in their immunologic behavior from the tuberculoproteins, PPD and . Evidence of two different delayed-type antigens in conventional wax D as opposed to one in pure wax D was revealed in Ouchterlony tests.

Footnotes

¹ This investigation was supported by United States Public Health Service Grant GM15759 and the Kroc Foundation for the Advancement of Medical Science.

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