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Participation of Factors B, D, E, and C3b Inactivator in Cobra Venom (CVF)-Induced Activation of the Alternate C Pathway

Harvard Medical School at the Robert B. Brigham Hospital, Boston, Mass.

Abstract

Two serum proteins are required for the generation of an active CVF complex capable of cleaving and inactivating C3: properdin factor B (C3PA, GBG) and factor D, an -globulin of 26,000 m.w. Decay at 37°C of active CVF complex prepared from purified CVF, B, and D results in the appearance of the electrophoretically altered fragments of factor B. Although mixtures of CVF, B, and D are highly active in C3 destruction, even large amounts of these reagents are inefficient in initiating the interaction of the terminal components so as to achieve the lysis of urisensitized sheep erythrocytes in the presence of guinea pig serum-EDTA. Factor E, a euglobulin of 150,000 to 200,000 m.w., is required for the development of lytic activity comparable to that observed with whole serum.

Substitution of C3b for CVF in reactions with factors B and D also results in C3 destruction and cleavage of factor B.