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Sensitization of Guinea Pigs to Herpes Simplex Virus¹

From the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Medical Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104

Abstract

Guinea pigs were sensitized to herpes simplex virus (HSV) by inoculation with infective virus, inactive virus or a HSV soluble antigen (SA) preparation. Sensitivity was assayed by means of skin tests with SA. The largest skin reactions (erythema and induration) were observed in guinea pigs that had received two sensitizing injections of infective HSV. Inactive HSV was found to be an effective sensitizing material, suggesting that production of cutaneous hypersensitivity to HSV can occur in the absence of viral infection. A single intracutaneous injection of SA also sensitized animals to a subsequent skin test with SA.

Based upon the timing of maximal response, the mononuclear nature of the cellular infiltrate at 24 hr and non-transferability of reactivity with serum by the local passive transfer technique, the skin reactions observed in SA-sensitized animals are believed to be those of classical delayed hypersensitivity. While the skin reactions seen in these animals were not as large as those observed in animals sensitized with infective or inactivated HSV, they were shown to be specific for SA. Animals sensitized with infective vaccinia virus or L-cell control antigen did not respond to skin tests with SA.

Footnotes

¹ This work was supported in part by National Institutes of Health Training Grant 5 T01 AI 00162 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and by the Brown Hazen Fund, Research Corporation, New York.

² Present address: Department of Microbiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi 39216.