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A Quantitative Method for Determining Human G Allotype Antigens (Gm)

II. Differences in Gm Gene Expression for G1 and G3 H Chains in Sera¹

From the Division of Human Genetics, Department of Medicine, Cornell University Medical College, New York, New York 10021

Abstract

Quantitative measurements of human G allotype antigens (Gm) provided information on some of the factors controlling the sera expression of immunoglobulin allotypes. The data suggested different rates of synthesis by allelic Gm genes at two G subclass loci. This was apparent from the striking differences in the serum expression of antithetical G3 allotypes, Gm(b) and Gm(g), and a smaller difference for the G1 isoalleles, Gm(f) and Gm(a). In heterozygous sera, Gm(b+) G constituted 70% of the G3 heavy chains and Gm(g) 30%; Gm(f+) G constituted 54% of G1 chains and Gm(a) 46% (mean values). Allotype values were consistent with G class and subclass measurements. A gene dosage effect was also present, reflected in the differences between mean values of homozygous and heterozygous subjects—although phenotype ranges overlapped.

The data indicated that normal heterozygous sera contained close to balanced proportions of each G1 gene product. Certain exceptional hypergammaglobulinemic sera had unusual distributions of allelic G1 heavy chains without evidence of a monoclonal component.

Footnotes

¹ Supported by United States Public Health Service Grants: AI-09239, GM-15257, AM-11796, and Army Contract DADA 17-69 C9 155.

² Recipient of United States Public Health Service Career Development Award 1K04 AM-20122.

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