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Immunity to Cholera: The Occurrence and Nature of Antibody-Active Immunoglobulins in the Lower Ileum of the Rabbit¹

Department of Microbiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637

Abstract

Earlier studies suggested that immunity to direct challenge with cell-free cholera toxin in the rabbit ileal loop model may be associated with tissue-contained antibody as reflected in serum antitoxin titers, and showed that extracts of epithelium from the lower ileum of immunized rabbits contained relatively large amounts of such antibody. In this study the intestinal epithelium from rabbits immunized by the intraperitoneal or intra-intestinal routes was separated into crypt and villus cell fractions by a modification of the method of Harrison and Webster. The toxin-neutralizing antibody of ultrasonic lysates of such cells was primarily in the crypt cells, while villus cells contained only small amounts of antibody activity later in the immune response. The titration of the antibody activity of immunoglobulins separated on DEAE cellulose and Sepharose 6B from tissue extracts showed that IgG had both vibriocidal and antitoxic activity, and 11S IgA only antitoxic activity. The intracellular antibody appeared to be predominantly, or exclusively, IgA.

Footnotes

¹ This work was supported in part by research grant AI-07624 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, United States Public Health Service; by the Commission on Enteric Infections, Armed Forces Epidemiological Board, under United States Army Medical Research and Development Command contract DA-49-193-MD-2492; by a research grant from the World Health Organization; and by research contract N00014-67-A-0285-0015 from the Office of Naval Research.

² Postdoctoral Fellow, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, United States Public Health Service.