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Relative Absence of Circulating Antigen-Reactive Cells during Oral Immunization^1,2,

From the Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Chicago, and the LaRabida University of Chicago Institute, Chicago, Illinois 60637

Abstract

Adult rabbits subcutaneously immunized with bovine serum albumin (BSA) incorporated in incomplete Freund's adjuvant regularly had circulating antigenreactive cells (ARC) 14 to 21 days later. During a 3-month study period, animals immunized by oral administration of BSA in low concentrations rarely had detectable ARC despite the presence of comparable amounts of circulating anti-BSA. Discontinuing antigen administration led to diminished antibody concentrations but a persistent absence of detectable circulating ARC. Following a subcutaneous injection with BSA in incomplete Freund's adjuvant that resulted in detectable circulating ARC in non-immunized rabbits, orally immunized animals developed an increased rate of antibody synthesis without detectable ARC. The ability of lymphocytes from orally immunized animals to respond to BSA was demonstrated in 64% of these rabbits 1 week after 100 mg BSA was given intravenously after 3 months of antigen ingestion. These results and studies by others suggested that during oral immunization, ARC primarily are localized to gut-associated lymphoid tissue.

Footnotes

¹ This work was supported by Research Grants AI-07854 and AM-02133 from the National Institutes of Health.

² Presented in part at the 54th annual meeting of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, Atlantic City, New Jersey, April 1970.

³ Supported in part by the Junior Philanthropic Society. Present address: Department of Pediatrics, Hadassah Hospital, Tel-Aviv, Israel.

⁴ Recipient of a United States Public Health Service Research Career Development Award, 5-K3-AI-13,936.

⁵ Recipient of a United States Public Health Service Research Career Development Award, 1-K4-AI-38,899. Reprint requests to Dr. Rothberg, Department of Pediatrics.