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Measurement of Antibodies to Herpesvirus Types 1 and 2 in Human Sera¹

Department of Virology and Epidemiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77025

Abstract

When varying dilutions of human sera were mixed with constant amounts of the two types of herpesvirus, it was observed that either type 1 virus was neutralized at a greater serum dilution than type 2, type 2 was neutralized at a greater serum dilution than type 1, or the two types were neutralized equally well. The relative antibody titer of type 2 virus to type 1 virus was found to correlate with the location of herpetic lesions experienced by the patients. When the ratio was expressed as an index (II/I index), sera from persons with oral herpesvirus type 1 infections, for the most part, yielded values of less than 85 whereas sera from persons with genital herpesvirus type 2 infections yielded values of 85 or greater. The same relationship was demonstrated using either the plaque-reduction or the microneutralization test. The plaque-reduction test, microneutralization test and neutralization kinetics test were compared by analyzing a group of sera for herpesvirus type 2 antibodies by all three methods. There was agreement between the three methods in 83% to 89% of the determinations. Thus antibodies to the two herpesviruses can be quantitated in the same serum by neutralization techniques employing varying serum dilutions and a constant amount of virus, and the same antibody activity is measured as in the neutralization kinetics test.

Footnotes

This investigation was supported in part by Grants CA 04600 and PH 43-68-678, Special Virus-Cancer Program, National Cancer Institute, and Training Grant 5T1-AI-74 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health.

² Recipient of United States Public Health Service Research Career Development Award 5-K3-AI 25943 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health.

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