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Alterations in Immune Responses by Attenuated Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Vaccine

II. Pathology and Soluble Antigen Localization in Guinea Pigs¹

From the United States Army Medical Unit, Fort Detrick, Maryland

Abstract

The pathology of infection with attenuated Venezuelan equine encephalitis vaccine, 83rd tissue culture passage, in guinea pigs was studied by routine microscopic examination of tissues and fluorescent antibody staining for viral antigen. Transient centrilobular hepatic degeneration, arteriolar endothelial swelling, and splenic and lymph node germinal center proliferation, chiefly of reticuloendothelial elements but also of immature lymphoblasts, were demonstrated. Circulating lymphopenia and leukopenia, followed by lymphocytosis, also occurred. Two peaks of viral antigen concentrations were found in liver, spleen, lymph nodes and kidney, the first immediately after infection, the second between days 7 and 15. No differences were found in organ localization or persistence of fluorescent bovine globulin given 24 hr after VEE.

The significance and implications of the findings to the adjuvant effect of VEE virus infection were discussed.

Footnotes

¹ In conducting research described in this report, the investigators adhered to the "Guide for Laboratory Animal Facilities and Care," as promulgated by the Committee on the Guide for Laboratory Animal Facilities and Care of the Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources, National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council.

² Present address: 7008 Culver Avenue, Fort Worth, Texas 76116.