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Alterations in Immune Responses by Attenuated Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Vaccine

I. Adjuvant Effect of VEE Virus Infection in Guinea Pigs¹

From the United Stated Army Medical Unit, Fort Detrick, Maryland

Abstract

Attenuated Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus vaccine infection enhanced the immune response in Hartley strain guinea pigs. Accelerated immune clearance of 1 or 20 mg ¹²⁵I-bovine globulin injected 24 or 48 hr before or 24 hr after VEE vaccine was demonstrated.

Elevated hemagglutinating titers to BGG were obtained on days 8, 12, 21, 28 and 35 when the VEE vaccine preceded BGG by 24 hr and on days 8 and 12 when VEE followed BGG by 24 or 48 hr. Increased titers were demonstrated only at 8 days in guinea pigs infected 5 to 30 min or 48 hr before BGG.

All the HA antibody activity in the sera collected on the 4th day was 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) reducible. A significant portion of the HA antibody at 8 and 12 days was 2-ME resistant.

Noninfective formalin-killed attenuated VEE virus did not produce an increase in the HA titers.

Footnotes

¹ In conducting the research described in this report, the investigators adhered to the "Guide for Laboratory Animal Facilities and Care," as promulgated by the Committee on the Guide for Laboratory Animal Facilities and Care of the Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources, National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council.

² Present address: National Environmental Health Sciences Center, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.

³ Present address: 7008 Culver Avenue, Ft. Worth, Texas.

⁴ Present address: Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.